| Effects of biochar on wheat yield under different water and nitrogen conditions |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.02.02 |
| Key Words: biochar nitrogen water yield photosynthesis wheat |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LI Shuai-lin | State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | SHANG-GUAN Zhou-ping | State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Studying how biochar affects wheat yield under different fertilizers, soil water conditions and explore the inner mechanism to providing a scientific support for the efficient use of agriculture organic wastes. A three factors interaction (biochar, nitrogen and soil water) pot experiment was conducted. Biochar addition rates were 0, 1%, 2%, 4% and 6% (mass ratio), nitrogen fertilizer application rates were 0, 0.2 g·kg-1 and 0.4 g·kg-1(N0, N1 and N2), soil water content were 80% and 50% field water capacity (began with wheat jointing stage). Wheat flag leaf photosynthetic parameters and SPAD value were measured at jointing stage and heading stage, wheat grain yield and main agronomic traits were recorded at maturity. The results showed that: (1) With compared to no biochar treatments, 1% and 2% biochar application rates increased wheat yield by 6.62% and 11.01% (on average) respectively. 4% and 6% biochar application rate decreased wheat yield by 6.88% and 10.1% (on average) respectively, at the same time, it also decreased thousand kernel weight, kernels per spike and plant height; (2) Under the normal water conditions, there were synergistic effects in 1% or 2% biochar addition rates with N1 and N2 treatments, but 4% and 6% biochar addition rate treatments showed negative effects; (3) Under the condition of drought stress, there were synergistic effects in 1% or 2% biochar addition rates with N1 treatment only, N2 production improved potential were inhibited by all biochar process; (4) Under the N0 conditions, compared with no biochar treatment, biochar increased wheat flag leaf photosynthetic rate and final yield; (5) Under the N1 and drought stress condition, biochar improved wheat flag leaf photosynthetic rate more obvious than under N1 and normal water condition. Consequently, the effects of biochar on wheat flag leaf photosynthetic parameters and final yield affected by biochar addition rates, nitrogen level and soil water content, and there were complex interactions. The potential of crop productivity increased by biochar, fertilizers and their coordination was limited by drought stress. In terms of increasing wheat yield, adding biochar to barren soil was good, moreover, 48 t·hm-2(2%) biochar addition rate was recommended to improve the quality of fine texture and medium fertility soils. |
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