| To clarify the effect of conservation tillage on soil microbes and enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil of broad bean，the experiment was conducted with six treatments including traditional tillage (T), ridge tillage (R), traditional tillage + half amount of straw mulching (TS1), ridge tillage + half amount of straw mulching (RS1), traditional tillage + whole amount of straw mulching (TS2), and ridge tillage + whole amount of straw mulching (RS2).The effects of conservation tillage on soil microbes (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes), enzyme (polyphenol oxidase, invertase and acid phosphatase) activities in rhizosphere, the yield of broad bean, and the correlation between them were studied, so as to provide the reasonable farming methods for production practice of broad bean. The main results showed that: (1) Compared with T, the treatments of RS2, TS2, RS1, TS1, and R all can increase the amount of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil of broad bean, of which RS2 has the most obvious effect. Under the RS2 treatment, bacteria in rhizosphere soil compared with T increased by 525.00%, 132.55%, 294.44%, 23.85%, 175.00% at the seedling, branch, blossom, pod and mature stage respectively, fungi in rhizosphere soil compared with T increased by 27.00%, 69.39%, 156.41%, 48.09%, 79.55% respectively, actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil compared with T increased by 138.01%, 178.26%, 134.29%, 100.23%, 130.36% respectively; (2) The ridge tillage and straw mulching increased the soil enzyme activity, and the RS2 treatment effect is the most significant Under the RS2 treatment, the content of polyphenol oxidase in rhizosphere soil compared with T increased by 38.34%, 43.24%, 1.44%, 48.96%, 123.89% at the seedling, branch, blossom, pod and mature stage respectively, invertase in rhizosphere soil compared with T increased by 79.13%, 99.66%, 50.95%, 24.06%, 63.00% respectively, acid phosphatase in rhizosphere soil compared with T increased by 26.32%, 22.65%, 25.32%, 21.81%, 22.38% respectively; (3) There was a positive correlation between the amount of soil microorganisms and soil enzymes, among which bacteria and actinomycetes were significantly positively correlated with acid phosphatase, invertase and polyphenol oxidase, and fungi and acid phosphatase and invertase were significantly positive related. |