| Effect of environmental-friendly materials mulch on potato growth and their degradation properties in dry-farming areas |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.03.13 |
| Key Words: environmental-friendly mulching material degradation properties potato growth soil temperature soil water |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Xing-wen | School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | HOU Xian-qing | School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | LI Wen-yun | School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | HU Xiao-hai | School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | LI Xiang-gui | School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | YANG Zhe | School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | LI Rong | School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China |
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| Abstract: |
| A field experiment was conducted in dry-farming areas of southern Ningxia in 2015 to determine the effect of different mulching material on degradation characteristics, soil water-temperature, growth, yield and economic benefit of potato. In the experiments, the ridges were covered with plastic film in all ridges and furrow rainfall harvesting system treatments, while different furrow treatments were mulched with plastic film, maize straw, biodegradable film, bast fiber film, liquid film. The ridges were covered with plastic films and without mulching in furrow was used as the control. Our results showed that different mulching materials had the effect of adjusting soil water and temperature. The average temperature in 0～25 cm soil layer under biodegradable film mulch was 1.4℃ higher than that of the control. In contrast, the temperature under corn straw and liquid film covering was 1.5℃ and 0.7℃ lower than that of the control. The plastic film and maize straw mulch have great function of conserving soil moisture, followed by the biodegradable film, bast fiber film mulch treatment. The soil water storage (0～200 cm) for the plastic film, maize straw, biodegradable film, and bast fiber film covering treatments were 5.1%, 6.2%, 3.7%, and 3.1% higher than that of the control, respectively. The plant height and stem diameter of plastic film, biodegradable film, and maize straw mulch treatments were significantly higher than that of control in the early stage of potato, while those of bast fiber film and maize straw mulch treatments were significantly higher than that of control in the middle and later stage of potato. There was no difference in crop growth between liquid film and the control during the whole growth stage of potato. Higher potato yields were found in treatments with plastic film, maize straw, bast fiber film mulch and the yields significantly increased by 34.3%, 56.1%, and 11.3% compared to the control, respectively. The commodity rates with maize straw, plastic film, and liquid film mulch treatment were the highest, and significantly increased by 4.7%, 3.4%, and 3.0% compare to the control, respectively. The net income with maize straw mulch treatment was the highest (19 676.1 yuan·hm-2). The liquid film was completely decomposed, and 70% of bast fiber film were already degraded at crop harvest time. The straw mulch not only improved the soil water and temperature conditions, but also increased the potato yield and net income as well. Therefore, the treatment is considered as efficient for potato production in the arid area of southern Ningxia. |
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