| Effects of nitrogen application on leaf sugar metabolism and fruit quality of ‘Cabernet Gernischt’ grape in arid desert region |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.06.22 |
| Key Words: grape nitrogen application stage sugar content enzyme activity fruit quality |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | MA Zong-huan | College of horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | CHEN Bai-hong | College of horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | HU Zi-jing | College of horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | LI Wen-fang | College of horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | JIANG Xue-feng | College of horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | MAO Juan | College of horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application at various growth stages on leaf sugar metabolism and fruit quality of grape, Cabernet Gernischet, a kind of nice grape, was used as the study crop with 300 kg·hm-2 of urea applied at stages of bud break (A), new shoot development (B), flowering (C), the first fruit expansion (D), lateral shoot development (E), and the second fruit expansion (F), respectively. Non-nitrogen fertilizer (G) was the control. The sugar levels and several metabolic enzyme activities in leaves at different stages as well as the quality indexes of fruit in the harvest stage were determined. The results showed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer in all stages had no significant effect on the specific leaf weight, however, significantly increased the relative content of chlorophyll at DBF5 (5 days before flowering) and DAF85 (85 days after flowering). Treatment F was not good for the accumulation of glucose and fructose in leaves. The sucrose content in leaves (dry weight) of treatment C reached maximum of 3.33 mg·g-1 at DAF116 (116 days after flowering). Compared with DAF85, fructose content in leaves of treatments A and B increased by 13.0% at DAF16 but decreased by 33.1%, 36.3%, 48.5%, and 27.5% in treatments C, D, E, and F, respectively. There were no significance difference among treatments A, B, C, D, and E in leaf starch contents at DAF85 and DAF116 respectively, but they were higher than the corresponding G. In the treatment E, sucrose synthase (SS) activity of the leaves was significantly higher at DAF85 and DAF116 than that in other treatments. In treatment C, the neutral invertase (NI) activity （glucose concentration/fresh wight） was at the highest levels of 0.22, 0.25, 0.33 mmol·h-1·g-1, and 0.30 mmol·h-1·g-1 at DAF25, DAF55, DAF85 and DAF115, respectively. Treatment C resulted in higher soluble sugar and Vc contents but the lowest titratable acid content in fruits at the harvest. The treatment B had the highest grape yield, 17 178.66 kg·hm-2, which was 31.74% higher than that of control. |
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