| Effect of deep tillage and mulching on wheat nitrogen uptake and translocation during fallow period in dryland |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.01.14 |
| Key Words: dry-land wheat fallow period deep tillage mulching nitrogen uptake translocation |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LI Guang | Sorghum Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China
Sorghum Genetic and Germplasm Innovation in Shanxi Province, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China | | BAI Wen-bin | Sorghum Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China
Sorghum Genetic and Germplasm Innovation in Shanxi Province, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China | | GAO Zhi-qiang | College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China | | REN Ai-xia | College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Due to the imbalance of precipitation during fallow period and high demanding of water during wheat growth period in dryland, we investigated the effect of soil water storage and the relationship between water and nitrogen uptake and translocation in wheat crop for two consecutive years (2009-2011) at Wenxi Dryland Wheat Experimental Station of Shanxi. The study was conducted in the way that deep tillage and different mulching were carried out at various times during the fallow period. The results showed that after deep tillage in fallow period (45 days or 15 days after wheat harvest), permeable plastic mulching (WPM) and liquid mulching (LF) improved the soil water storage in 0~300 cm soil layer before seeding compared to the no mulching (NF) treatment and promoted the accumulated N in various growing stages of wheat in dryland, especially in the earlier stages and deep tillage after 45 days of wheat harvest. After deep tillage in fallow period, WPM and LF improved N accumulation in every organ at all stages, and 45 day deep tillage was more significant than other one. Under WPM, the amounts of accumulated N in leaf and stem at flowering stage was improved esp. in glume and cob. The 45 day deep tillage significantly improved the N contribution rate of each organ to grain in the flowering period, especially that of leaf and stem. Therefore, the accumulation of N in seed, N accumulation, and grain yield in mature stage were significantly improved. Additionally, the permeable film mulching was better than liquid mulching with increases of 17% N accumulation in grain and 13% grain yield. The correlation analysis showed that the soil moisture of 3 meters before seeding closely related to N translocation before flowering in years of less precipitation in dryland with all treatments. However, in the years of more precipitation, it was not only closely related to the translocation of N before flowering, but also close relationship with the N accumulation after flowering, esp. after flowering. When there was more precipitation, the stored water with deep tillage and mulching during fallow period extended to the later stage of fertility. In short, under this experiment condition, 45 day deep tillage and liquid mulching in fallow period were conducive to the fallow period precipitation of dryland wheat and enhanced soil moisture storage of every soil layer above 3 m before seeding. As a result, it was beneficial to N uptake and accumulation of wheat at every growth stage, especially in the earlier stages that improved the N translocation before flowering from other organs to grain, particularly from leaves and stem to grain. Thus, it benefited grain N accumulation and grain yield improvement. |
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