| Effects of nitrogen fertilization and film mulching on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity of spring maize in semi\|arid cropland |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.01.18 |
| Key Words: nitrogen fertilization film mulching dryland spring maize soil microbial biomass soil enzyme activity |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHU Li\|xia | State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,Shaanxi 712100, China
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | YUE Shan\|chao | State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,Shaanxi 712100, China
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | SHEN Yu\|fang | State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,Shaanxi 712100, China
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | LI Shi\|qing | State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,Shaanxi 712100, China
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore effects of long\|term N fertilization and film mulching on soil microbial activities in high\|yield and high\|efficiency dryland maize system on the Loess Plateau and provide microbial basis for reasonable fertilization and agronomic management in this region, a field study with two main treatments of film mulching (F) and N fertilization (N) were conducted. Nitrogen fertilization rates were 0 (N0), 100 (N100), 250 (N250), and 400 (N400) kg·hm-2. The maize variety used was Xianyu 335. Soil samples from layers of 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm were collected in 2014 and soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities were determined. Ecological stoichiometry of soil microbial biomass and comprehensive evaluation of microbial activities were analyzed using principal component analysis. Whether mulched with plastic film or not, soil microbial biomass C, N, and P increased with increasing N fertilization rates except for microbial biomass N in N400 without film mulching, and the increase effect of N fertilization disappeared when N fertilization rate was above 250 kg·hm-2. Film mulching had no effect on soil microbial biomass C and N, but significantly increased microbial biomass P.Film mulching decreased ratios of microbial biomass C to N in treatments of N0, N100, and N400. N fertilization significantly increased the values of microbial biomass C/N and microbial biomass N/P. Urea activity increased with increasing N fertilization rate in 0~10 cm soil layer, but it was not affected by film mulching in both layers.Both film mulching and N fertilization significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity, and the highest values were observed in FN400 (1.49 mg·g-1·d-1 in 0~10 cm layer and 1.61 mg·g-1·d-1, respectively).The principal component analysis results indicated that 250 kg·hm-2of N fertilization treatment shared the highest soil microbial activities whether with or without plastic film mulching. Overall, N fertilization at a rate of 250 kg·hm-2in soil with or without film mulching was optimal for soil sustainability in this region. |
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