| The spatial and temporal distribution of shade under apple trees with conventional intercropping system in west Shanxi Loess area |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.03.24 |
| Key Words: apple trees agroforestry interplanting mode shade area shade range west Shanxi Loess area |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Jing-jing | College of Soil and Water Conservation/Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China | | Bi Hua-xing | College of Soil and Water Conservation/Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing 102206, China
Ji County Station, Chinese National Ecosystem Research Network (CNERN), Jixian, Shanxi 042200, China) | | GUO Meng-xia | Beijing Water & Soil Conservation Ecological Project Consulting Co.,Ltd, Beijing 100055, China | | SUN Yu-bo | College of Soil and Water Conservation/Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China | | DUAN Hang-qi | College of Soil and Water Conservation/Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China | | PENG Rui-dong | College of Soil and Water Conservation/Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to explore temporal and spatial of shading region in different apple tree ages of conventional agroforestry system in west Shanxi Loess area, and provide reasonable planted region for intercropping, 4~7 year-old apple trees in agroforestry system were chosen as experimental material in Jixian, Shanxi Province. Similarity principle under parallel sun light was applied that apple tree was reduced by 50 times to make 3D apple tree model used by 3D print technology. We used 3D apple tree model to measure dynamic change of apple tree shading range. Results showed that: (1) In term of time, the shading area of an apple tree changed from decreasing to increasing in a day, and the area was the smallest at 12∶00; In term of space, the shading region of apple tree was unequal width arc, and the shade on the north side of the fruit tree was larger than the shade on the south side by 0.5~0.6 m. (2) During the day, the 4~7 year-old apple trees were repeatedly shaded by the target apple trees and neighboring apple trees, and the shading period was 4~9 h. (3) The reasonable plant region of intercropping in 4 m×5 m was 1.41~1.91 m, the plant region of intercropping in 5 m×5 m was 1.63~2.14 m. The region was decreased as tree age increased. (4) The plant region of intercropping was applied the plant method of unequal distance in north and south, the northward distance was 0.6~0.7 m greater than the southward direction. Traditional intercropping plant that equal distance of north and south was irrational, according to temporal and spatial distribution in agroforestry system. Intercropping plant region of different ages in different configurations was proposed by the analysis of temporal and spatial distribution in agroforestry system. The planting of intercropping should consider unequal distribution in the north and south. And the plant range of intercropping should continue to shrink with the tree age. |
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