| Effect of different tillage methods on soil temperature, nutrient, and fruit quality in jujube orchard |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.03.26 |
| Key Words: jujube orchard soil tillage methods soil temperature soil nutrient fruit quality |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | CHENG Li | Faculty of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | ZHAO Tong | Faculty of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | HUANG Hua-li | Forestry Research Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | ZHANG Lu-he | Forestry Research Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | ZHU Yan-fang | Faculty of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | JIA Xu-mei | Faculty of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | GUO Ai-xia | Faculty of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | WANG Yan-xiu | Faculty of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China |
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| Abstract: |
| The effects of different soil tillage methods on soil temperature, nutrient status, and fruit quality of jujube orchard in the Yellow River Irrigation Area of central Gansu Province were studied. Four different soil tillage methods including clean tillage (CK), corn straw mulching (YMG), black plastic film mulching (HM), and ryegrass mulching (HMC) were conducted. Soil temperature and nutrient status in different soil layers (0, 20, 40 cm, and 60 cm) and fruit quality were investigated. Through the principal component analysis, comprehensive evaluation of determined parameters was conducted to screen the best soil management model. The results showed that: in August, the HMC had a significant effect on the decrease of soil temperature in different soil layers. Compared with CK, HM, YMG, HMC in 20 cm depth of soil were decreased by 5.93%, 5.93%, and 2.86%, respectively. Compared to CK, different mulching models significantly increased available K, N, P, nitrate N, and organic matter contents in soil, in which HMC was the most effective model. Compared with CK, that in 20 cm depth of soil with HMC were increased by 12.35%, 10.11%, 15.48%, 23.11%, and 19.00%, respectively. With the increase in soil depth, the contents of available nutrient firstly increased and then decreased, and the contents in 0~20 cm were the highest. Under HMC treatment, the contents of available K, N, and P in 20 cm depth of soil were 122.24 mg·kg-1, 32.67 g·kg-1, and 0.76 mg·kg-1, respectively. In comparison, YMG, HM, and HMC enhanced the fruit quality of jujube. The effects of HMC on vitamin C content, protein content, soluble sugar content, fruit diameter, fruit longitudinal diameter, fruit weight, water content, and edible rate were significantly greater than those of YMG, and HM. Compared with YMG the contents of vitamin C, protein, soluble sugar, fruit diameter, and water content of HMC increased by 10.18%, 25.23%, 9.06%, 6.04%, and 3.73%, respectively, and those with HM were increased by 1.28%、23.01%、1.07%、2.50%, and 1.71%, respectively. The principal component analysis was used to analyze 16 parameters and extracted 3 principal components (6.614, 5.485, and 3.901), which represented the 100% original data information of four different soil tillage methods. Comprehensive analysis showed that effects of four tillage methods from high to low were HMC, HM, YMG, and CK, indicating that HMC was the best pattern of soil management for jujube orchard in the Yellow River Irrigation Area of central Gansu Province. |
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