| Effects of different densities on root growth and pod formation of high-yield soybean |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.05.10 |
| Key Words: high-yield soybean density root system flower and pod yield |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHAO Zhan-ying | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | CHU Guang-hong | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | LI Si-zhong | Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China | | ZHANG Jian-xin | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to prove the rules planting density on the root growth and the formation of flower and pod of high-yield soybean, field experiments were conducted at three different densities, i.e., 21.0×104 plants·hm-2(D1), 30.0×104 plants·hm-2 (D2) and 48.0×104 plants·hm-2 (D3), to study the vertical distribution of root in 0~60 cm soil layer, process of blooming and podding, and yield for Xindadou 27 and Xindadou 8. The results showed that the total root dry weight of Xindadou 27 with density of D2 and D3 was increased by 23.68% and 18.48% respectively compared that with density of D1, the total root dry weight of Xindadou 8 with density of D2 and D3 was increased by 27.25% and 19.71%, respectively, compared that with density of D1, and the total root lenght was increased by 6.94% and 30.80%, respectively, with the increment being mainly 40~60 cm. When the density increased to D3, the occurrence time of flowering and pod setting peak of Xindadou 27 and Xindadou 8 were 2, 8, and 2, 6 days, respectively, but the total flower number, total pod number, total cavity number and total grain number per unit area were increased 51.92%, 10.29%, 7.66%, 23.05% and 49.47%, 31.91%, 35.40% and 16.11%, respectively, compared with D1. The total number of flowers were positively correlated with both root dry weight and root length at the beginning stage of podding, and in this stage, R2 values of Xindadou 27 were 0.8477* and 0.9106*, respectively, and R2 values of Xindadou 8 were 0.7531 and 0.9993**, respectively. The total number of cavities were positively correlated with the root dry weight and root length at the beginning stage of grain generation, and in this stage, R2 values of Xindadou 27 were 0.6954 and 0.9837**, respectively, and R2 values of Xindadou 8 were 0.7902* and 0.9277*, respectively, moreover, the relationship of root length with flowers and cavities was closer than that with root dry weight. Therefore, the reasonable close planting significantly increased yield of soybean grains, promoted the root growth of soybean, increased total root length and numbers of roots in deep soil layer per unit area, and thus increased the number of flowers, pods, cavities and grains per unit area. |
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