| Effects of tillage methods on major fertility characteristics of chernozem soil and maize yield |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.01.04 |
| Key Words: tillage pattern black calcium soil fertility characteristics maize yield |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | JIAO Shuai | College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in Jilin Commodity Grain Base, Changchun, Jilin 130118 | | WANG Weiyu | Changchun Water Group, Changchun, Jilin 130041 | | ZHAO Xingmin | College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in Jilin Commodity Grain Base, Changchun, Jilin 130118 | | WANG Hongbin | College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in Jilin Commodity Grain Base, Changchun, Jilin 130118 | | WANG Hongjun | Jilin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130033 | | CHEN Baoyu | Jilin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130033 | | SUI Biao | College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in Jilin Commodity Grain Base, Changchun, Jilin 130118 |
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| Abstract: |
| Proper tillage mode is a necessary measure to maintain the sustainable development of agriculture.In order to reveal the effects of different tillage methods on the main fertility characteristics of Chernozem soil and maize yield,five tillage methods were set up in this study including rotary tillage (RT), subsoiling tillage (ST), no\|tillage (NT), deep ploughing (DP), and deep ploughing straw returning (DPS).Physical properties such as soil bulk density, water content, water\|stable aggregates, and chemical properties such as nitrogen, potassium, and organic matter in 0~60 cm soil layer at different growth stages of maize and maize yield were analyzed.The results showed that soil bulk density increased by 4.7% and 3.8% for NT and ST treatments, and decreased by 3.4% and 2.6% for DP and DPS treatments, respectively, compared with RT treatments.The field water holding capacity of NT treatment was 2.7% lower than that of RT while ST and RT were similar, while DP and DPS treatments were 8.6% and 7.0% higher than RT, respectively (P<0.05). The content of soil aggregate structure (>0.25 mm) was the highest for the DP treatment at the seedling stage, followed by DPS and DP at the tassel stage. The content of soil aggregate for the DPS treatment was the highest.In addition to the higher NT content in the tasseling stage, DPS and DP were still the treatment with higher organic matter content as a whole, indicating that the process of ploughing was conducive to the improvement of soil organic matter content.According to the comparison of soil total nitrogen, there is little difference under different treatments, but the content of alkali\|hydrolyzed nitrogen was the highest in RT, and decreased by 6.8%~12.9% for other treatments.Compared with RT treatment, ST and DPS yields decreased by 7.4% and 3.3%, NT and DP increased by 2.3% and 7.8%, respectively.In conclusion, although NT had the potential to improve soil structure and organic matter, the effect of NT was not significant. DP and DPS had good fertility characteristics under the experimental conditions, and DP is a farming method with both soil fertility and yield increasing effect. |
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