| Effects of drip irrigation and nitrogen application on root growth and yield of spring wheat in Southern Xinjiang |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.02.02 |
| Key Words: water and nitrogen operations drip irrigation spring wheat root growth yield Southern Xinjiang |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | SUN Ting | College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China | | ZHANG Di | College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China | | WANG Jichuan | College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China | | ZHANG Jianfang | College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China | | SHI Yuanqiang | College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China | | Bilali Aili | College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China | | ZHU Juan | College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China |
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| Abstract: |
| The spring wheat cultivar Xinchun 6 in the Southern Xinjiang was selected as the test material, and two\|factor (water and nitrogen) controlling experiments were conducted using soil\|column cultivation method. Four levels of nitrogen supply, including N0 (no N fertilizer), N1 (69 kg·hm-2), N2 (172.5 kg·hm-2), and N3 (276 kg·hm-2), and four levels of water supply, including W1 (2 250 m3·hm-2),W2 (3 000 m3·hm-2), W3 (3 750 m3·hm-2), and W4(4 500 m3·hm-2), were used for fertigation and drip irrigation, respectively. Thus, 16 water\|nitrogen\|combination treatments were implemented. The results showed that flowering stage was the peak period of root growth of spring wheat drip irrigation and 64.52%~76.90% of the root dry mass and 76.39%~82.47% of the root length were distributed in 0~40 cm soil layer. Increasing the water supply and nitrogen properly effectively promoted root growth and improved yield of spring wheat. The root dry mass, root dry mass density, root length, root length density, root diameter, and root surface area of N3W3, N2W3, and N3W2 treatments at flowering stage were higher, which were 123.0~148.3 mg, 97.07~117.03 g·m-3, 14 405.8~16 490.8 mm, 1.14~1.30 cm·cm-3, 0.3267~0.3365 mm, and 14 245~17 624 mm2, respectively. The yield under N3W3, N2W3, and N3W2 treatments also reached a higher level of 8 695.7~9 966.1 kg·hm-2. Although the root indexes under the N3W4 treatment were higher, yet they declined too fast during wax ripening period, which indicated that excessive water and nitrogen supply was unfavorable for delaying root senescence. Water and nitrogen had significant interaction effects on root growth and yield, and water had greater effect than nitrogen did. Through analysis, the suitable supply ranges of water and nitrogen for this region was 3 750~4 500 m3·hm-2 and 172.5~276 kg·hm-2, respectively. When nitrogen application and water drip were 259.4 kg·hm-2 and 3 793.4 m3·hm-2, respectively, the yield could reach the maximum value of 9 142.9 kg·hm-2. |
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