| Effects of different nitrogen application rates on yield and nutrient uptake and distribution of spring rapeseed |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.02.32 |
| Key Words: spring rapeseed nitrogen fertilizer yield nutrient accumulation nitrogen utilization efficiency |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | SHANG Hua | College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China | | LI Yuemei | Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
Xining Agricultural Environmental Science Observation Experiment Stations, Ministry of Agriculture, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China |
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| Abstract: |
| A field plot experiment was carried out in the main production area of spring rapeseed in Qinghai Province. By using a randomized block experiment design and applying 0, 75, 150, and 225 kg of pure nitrogen per hectare, respectively, the effect of the yield, nutrient uptake, distribution in different parts and nitrogen use efficiency of Qingza No.12, a new spring rapeseed variety, was observed. The results showed that on the basis of applying phosphorus, potassium and boron fertilizers, the application of nitrogen fertilizer 75~225 kg·hm-2 significantly increased the yield of all parts of spring rapeseed, the average grain yield increased 1 274 kg·hm-2 and the average yield increased by 77%. The aboveground biomass increased by an average of 3 116 kg·hm-2, and the average yield increased by 79%. Nitrogen application significantly increased the aboveground nitrogen accumulation (P<0.05), with an average increase of 69%. When the nitrogen application rate was between 150~225 kg·hm-2, nitrogen application significantly promoted the accumulation of phosphorus and potassium in spring rapeseed, an average increase of 69% and 239%, respectively. At the maturity stage of Qingza No.12, the absorption and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were as follows: seed>straw>pod, and the distribution ratio was 74.7%, 19.5%, and 5.8%, respectively. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the nitrogen partial productivity of Qingza No.12 decreased significantly from 28.2 kg·kg-1 to 15.3 kg·kg-1. The agronomic efficiency, apparent utilization rate, physiological utilization rate, and soil contribution rate of nitrogen fertilizer increased after nitrogen application with average values of 8.2 kg·kg-1 N, 32.8%, 25.6 kg·kg-1 N, and 59.1%, respectively. According to the analysis of the ratio of production and investment, the spring rapeseed in Qinghai Province recommended the amount of nitrogen fertilizer to be at 150 kg·hm-2. |
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