| Combined effects of slow\|release and common urea application at different depths on soil nitrogen and maize growth |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.03.16 |
| Key Words: maize slow\|release and common urea application at different depths soil soil nitrogen physi\|ological index |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Yufeng | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | WU Peng | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
The Chinese Institute of Water\|Saving Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | LI Qing | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | ZHANG Peng | College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
The Chinese Institute of Water\|Saving Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | JIA Zhikuan | College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
The Chinese Institute of Water\|Saving Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | XUE Yingwen | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | YANG Kejun | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China |
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| Abstract: |
| A two year field experiment was carried out to determine the mechanism of increasing the grain yield of maize by combining the slow\|release with the common urea by affecting the soil nitrogen content and delay\|ing the senescence of leaf and root. The experiment consisted of eight treatments including no nitrogen fertilizer application (CK), common urea applied at a depth of 5~10 cm soil layer (PU1), common urea applied at a depth of 5~10 cm soil layer, 60% seed fertilizer + 40% topdressing (PU2); 20% common urea at a depth of 5~10 cm soil layer, 30% common urea at 15~20 cm soil depth, 50% common urea at 25~30 cm soil depth (PU3); 20% total nitrogen application rate at 5~10 cm soil depth, 30% total nitrogen application rate at 15~20 cm soil depth, and 50% total nitrogen application rate at 25~30 cm soil depth (PCU1-PCU4). The N fertilizer at 5~10 cm was common urea but at 15~20 cm and 25~30 cm, it was a combination of PCU and PU at ratios of 3∶7 and 3∶7 in PCU1; PCU2 was as PCU1 but the ratio of PCU and PU was 5∶5 at 15~20 cm and 5∶5 at 25~30 cm; in PCU3, the ratio of PCU and PU was 3∶7 at 15~20 cm and 5∶5 at 25~30 cm; in PCU4, the ratio of PCU and PU was 5∶5 at 15~20 cm and 3∶7 at 25~30 cm. The results suggested that compared with the PU1, PU2, and PU3, the slow\|release combined with common urea increased the soil NO-3-N and NH+4-N contents by 4.21%~133.44% and 17.09%~72.95%, respectively, in the later maize growth stages (silking and filling stages). The SOD, POD, CAT activity, and soluble protein content of ear leaf increased by 9.22%~26.75%, 7.72%~23.35%, 7.66%~22.96%, and 11.67%~32.98%, respectively. The MDA decreased by 2.34%~37.53% of leaf. The SOD, POD, CAT, and soluble protein contents of root increased by 7.93%~22.75%, 19.09%~42.13%, 9.71%~60.98%, 12.42%~103.57%, and MDA decreased by 3.01%~31.6% of root. Compared with PU1, PU2, and PU3, the maize yield increased by 2.32%~26.16% and 1.32%~22.36% in slow\|release combined with common urea treatment, and the economic profit increased by 1.67%~31.84% and 0.33%~27.49%, and PCU4 had the highest yield of 13 899 kg·hm-2 and 12 439 kg·hm-2, respectively, in 2017 and 2018, and the profit were 17 022.25 yuan·hm-2 and 14 832.65 yuan·hm-2. The results suggested that the PCU4 treatment was the most effective treatment for maize. |
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