| Effects of soil moisture regulation on growth, quality and water use of cotton under drip irrigation in Southern Xinjiang |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.04.06 |
| Key Words: drip irrigation cotton soil moisture regulation growth quality water use efficiency |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | HE Pingru | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Institute of Water\|Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A & F University，Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHANG Fucang | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Institute of Water\|Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A & F University，Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | FAN Junliang | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Institute of Water\|Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A & F University，Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | HOU Xianghao | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Institute of Water\|Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A & F University，Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | LIU Xiang | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Institute of Water\|Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A & F University，Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHANG Yingchun | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Institute of Water\|Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A & F University，Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | XUE Zhanqi | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Institute of Water\|Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A & F University，Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Considering the shortage of fresh water and the low water use efficiency of cotton fields in southern Xinjiang, an experiment was carried out to study the effects of lower limit regulation of soil water on growth, yield, quality, and water use efficiency of cotton under mulched drip irrigation. The No. 66 Xinluzhong was selected as the experiment variety, five lower soil water levels, which were 85%FC (T1), 75%FC (T2), 65%FC (T3), 55%FC (T4), and 45%FC (T5) were set, while FC, the field capacity, was used as the upper limit of soil water. The results showed that, the elevation in the lower soil water limit had an obvious promotion effect on plant height and biomass, as the lower soil water limit increased from 45%FC to 85%FC, the plant height and biomass of cotton increased by 25.80% and 25.38%, respectively. With the decrease in the lower soil water limit, the irrigation quota decreased gradually, compared with T1 treatment, which had the largest irrigation quota (378 mm), that of T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatment saves about 11.64%, 33.07%, 33.95%, and 46.83%, respectively; With increasing the lower soil water limit, the yield of cotton increased gradually, but the lower soil water limit was too large, the number of effective bolls per plant decreased, the yield increase was no longer significant, and the water use efficiency was low. When the lower soil water limit was 75%FC, the number of effective bolls per plant and the single boll weight increased, the yield and water use efficiency reached 7 146.4 kg·hm-2 and 1.40 kg·m-3, respectively. The soil water regulation had significant effect on cotton fiber quality, the lower the lower soil water limit, the greater the Micronaire value, the higher the maturity index, and the lower the breaking strength and elongation rate. Using principal component analysis obtained the comprehensive and better treatment of cotton quality (T2). It is suggested that the lower soil water limit under mulched drip irrigation of cotton in saline alkali area of Southern Xinjiang should be controlled at 75%FC, and the winter irrigation should be carried out to leach salt in non\|growing period. The winter irrigation quota should be 300 mm, the irrigation quota for growth period should be 334 mm, 12 times irrigation and 8 days cycle in the whole growth period. |
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