| Effects of different ratios of controlled\|release urea and common urea on yield, nitrogen utilization and economic benefit of spring maize |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.05.05 |
| Key Words: controlled\|release blending fertilizer spring maize yield nitrogen utilization economic benefits |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | XIE Wenyan | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | ZHOU Huaiping | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | YANG Zhenxing | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | LIU Zhiping | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | DU Yanling | College of Biological Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China | | GUO Jin | College of Biological Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China | | LV Qianqian | College of Biological Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China |
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| Abstract: |
| This research aimed to provide theoretical basis for the proportion of controlled\|release blended fertilizers suitable for the eastern Loess Plateau, through the study of the effect of different blending proportions between controlled\|release urea and common urea on the yield, nitrogen (N) utilization of spring maize and the economic benefit, and the identification of the optimal blending proportion through the establishment of the relationships between parameters including yield, apparent efficiency of N, profit resulting from fertilization and different blending proportions of fertilizers. Fixed\|location experiment was carried out in the eastern spring maize producing area on the eastern Loess Plateau for three years consecutively. Six fertilizer treatments were arranged, including no N (CK), 100% common urea (CRU0%), 25% controlled\|release urea, and 75% common urea (CRU25%), 50% of controlled\|release urea and 50% common urea (CRU50%), 75% controlled\|release urea and 25% common urea (CRU75%), and 100% controlled\|release urea (CRU100%). The results showed that: (1) The yield of maize and fertilization profit were significantly increased after the combined application of controlled\|release urea and common urea, and both rose firstly and then decreased with increasing the proportion of controlled\|release urea. The highest yield and fertilization profit of spring maize were found in the treatment of CRU75%. The yield and fertilization profit in CRU75% increased by 1 273 kg·hm-2 (11.9%) and 1 735 yuan·hm-2 (65.7%), respectively, when compared to those in treatment CRU0%. (2) Compared with the treatment of CRU0%, the combined application of controlled\|release urea and common urea significantly improved the N utilization efficiency, agronomic efficiency, and partial productivity of maize by 24.73%~43.87%, 38.22%~61.24%, and 7.45%~11.93%, respectively, with the highest level found in treatment CRU75%. (3) Different combinations of controlled-release urea and common urea significantly reduced the residual N content and apparent loss of N in the soil layer of 0~100 cm, and the lowest values of both parameters were found in the treatment of CRU75%, which were 119.8 kg·hm-2 and 247.5 kg·hm-2, respectively. (4) On the whole, there was a significant unary quadratic relation between the yield of spring maize, the partial productivity of N fertilizer and the fertilization profits and the blending proportion of controlled\|release urea. The appropriate blending proportions of controlled release urea were worked out as 64.3%, 71.2% and 61.8% in terms of yield, partial productivity of nitrogen and fertilization profit, respectively. Combined application of controlled\|release urea and common urea was beneficial to the growth and development of spring maize, the yield and income improvement, and N efficiency. According to the performance of all aspects, the optimal proportion of controlled\|release urea in the blended fertilizer was 60%~75% for spring maize. |
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