| Effect of water\|fertilizer\|gas coupled drip irrigation on greenhouse tomato growth and fruit quality |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.05.24 |
| Key Words: greenhouse tomatoes water\|fertilizer\|gas coupled drip irrigation soil aeration growth photosynthesis yield fruit quality |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LEI Hongjun | School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Henan Key Laboratory of Water\|Saving Agriculture, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China | | XIAO Zheyuan | School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Henan Key Laboratory of Water\|Saving Agriculture, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China | | XIAO Rang | College of Civil Engineering,Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu 734000,China | | YANG Hongguang | School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Henan Key Laboratory of Water\|Saving Agriculture, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China | | PAN Hongwei | School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Henan Key Laboratory of Water\|Saving Agriculture, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China |
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| Abstract: |
| A two\|level randomized block experiment was conducted under greenhouse tomato cultivation with three factors including 2 nitrogen (N) application rates (135 kg·hm-2 and 180 kg·hm-2), 2 drip irrigation types (subsurface drip irrigation with conventional water and aerated water), and irrigation rates (824 m3·hm-2 and 1 237 m3·hm-2) to study the effects of water\|fertilizer\|gas coupled drip irrigation on tomato growth and fruit quality.The results showed that continuous aeration, high irrigation rate, and conventional N treatment promoted tomato growth,increased chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate,improved tomato yield, fresh weight, and fruit quality.The aeration treatments increased by 9.81% and 8.63%, respectively, compared to the conventional drip irrigation (P<0.05), and the high irrigation rates increased tomato plant height and chlorophyll content 18.14% and 11.44%, respectively, compared to the low irrigation rates (P<0.05). The normal N application rate increased tomato plant height and chlorophyll content by 6.58% and 8.20%, respectively, compared to the low N application rate (P<0.05). For aboveground fresh weight and yield, the aeration treatments increased them by 14.93% and 22.91%, respectively, compared to the conventional drip irrigation (P<0.05), and the high irrigation rates increased by 27.10% and 41.19%, respectively, compared to the low irrigation amount (P<0.05), and the normal N application rate increased them by 24.89% and 40.87%, respectively, compared to the low N application rate (P<0.05). There were positive correlations between plant height, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and fruit yield (P<0.01). In terms of the average content of fruit soluble solids, Vc and soluble protein in aeration treatments increased by 16.73%,12.13%, and 11.59%, respectively, compared to the conventional drip irrigation. Total acid in fruit under aeration treatments decreased by 11.44% compared to the conventional drip irrigation (P<0.05). While the average value of fruit soluble solids,fruit total acid,Vc, and soluble protein with the high irrigation rates were increased by 16.09%,17.60%, and 18.99% compared to the low irrigation amount,and total fruit acid in the high irrigation volume decreased by 16.38% compared to the low irrigation amount (P<0.05). The average value of soluble fruit solids,Vc and soluble protein with the normal N application rate increased by 12.65%, 41.81%, and 28.03%, respectively, compared to the low N application rate,total fruit acid in the normal N application rate decreased by 7.97% compared to the low N application rate (P<0.05).Combination of 180 kg·hm-2,irrigation rates of 1 237 m3·hm-2 and air void fraction of 15% was an optimal scheme for water\|fertilizer\|gas coupled drip irrigation for tomato growth and fruit quality promotion. |
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