| In order to solve the problems caused by long\|term application of chemical fertilizer in greenhouse soil quality decline, cucumber quality, low and unstable yield, and livestock manure to the rural ecological environment pollution, a field experiment was carried out to screen the ecological fertilizer formula of livestock and poultry manure and to study the effects on the soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activity, and cucumber quality in a greenhouse in Ganzhou district, Zhangye city, Gansu Province. The results showed that the combination ratio of livestock and poultry manure ecological fertilizer formula was: cattle and sheep manure 0.8849∶special fertilizer for cucumber 0.1150∶biological fertilizer 0.0001 in a cow and sheep manure group with the maximum profit application rate was 34 t·hm-2. The application of livestock manure ecological fertilizer improved the physical and chemical properties of the soil, improved the organic matter, enzyme activity, and the quality and benefit of cucumber, while the conventional fertilizer increased the content of total salt and nitrate in the soil, with no significant change in organic carbon, organic carbon density, bulk density, porosity, and aggregates. Compared with conventional fertilizers, soil bulk density, pH value, total salt, fungus and cucumber nitrate decreased by 11.89%, 1.21%, 19.93%, 10.79%, and 5.22%. Organic matter, organic carbon, carbon supply, and organic carbon density increased by 21.07%, 21.01%, 30.91%, and 6.65%, respectively. Total porosity, aggregates, and CEC increased by 13.93%, 14.97%, and 15.72%, respectively. The activity of bacteria, actinomycetes, urease, phosphatase, sucrose, and polyphenol oxidase increased by 12.40%, 12.94%, 3.12%, 3.231%, 17.63%, and 11.25%, respectively. Soluble sugar, protein, solids, and Vc in cucumber increased by 6.89%, 8.75%, 7.56%, and 10.80%, respectively. Single melon weight, single plant melon weight, yield, fertilization profit, and fertilizer investment efficiency increased by 7.51%, 6.69%, 5.42%, 15 900.00 yuan·hm-2, and 1.66 yuan·yuan-1, respectively. The application of livestock manure ecological fertilizer improved the soil organic matter and enzyme activity, cucumber yield, soil physical, and chemical properties, and cucumber quality. |