| Effects of topping at seedling stage on root growth and yield of high-yield spring soybean |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.02.14 |
| Key Words: high-yield spring soybean seedling topping period planting density root growth yield compensation effect |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | CHU Guanghong | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052，China | | ZHANG Jianxin | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052，China | | WANG Cong | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052，China | | ZHAO Zhanying | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052，China |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the effect of topping at seedling stage on the root growth and the response regularity of yield of high-yield spring soybean, in this study, the main stem-type high-yield spring soybean ‘Xindou 27’ was used as the material and two treatments of topping at the true leaf stage (TP) and topping at the compound leaf stage (CP) were carried out. At the same time, five different planting density of 15 (D1), 18 (D2), 21 (D3), 25 (D4), and 30 (D5)×104 plant·hm-2 were set up. The results showed that the total dry weight, length, and surface area of the lateral roots significantly increased with CP treatment, and increased by 18.66%, 14.94%, and 17.49%, respectively, compared with the control at full pod stage. The root vitality of 0~20, 20~40 cm and 40~60 cm increased by 14.00%, 15.43%, and 15.41%, respectively, while TP decreased by 8.46%, 5.03% and 4.82%. The number of pods and the number of seeds per plant with the CP treatment were higher than that with TP by 6.59% and 4.37%, but lower than that of the control by 14.00% and 14.02%, respectively. The 100-seed weight of TP and CP increased by 10.08% and 12.25%, respectively, compared with that of the control. The TP treatment reduced production by 5.16% (p<0.05), while the CP reduced production by 2.64% (p>0.05). When the density decreased (from D3 to D1), the number of pod nodes per plant, the number of pods per plant, the number of pods per node, and the number of seeds per plant increased significantly. When the density dropped by 30.62% (D2), the number of pods and seeds decreased by 2.37% and 2.76% (p>0.05), but the 100-seed weight and seed yield increased by 8.92% and 5.90% (p<0.05), respectively. When the density continued to dncrease, the yield reduced. The main reason for the insignificant decrease in yield of CP treatment was the significant increase in 100-seed weight. The increase in 100-seed weight compensated for the decrease in the number of pods in the population. However, when the density of topping (D2) was reduced, the yield increased, which indicated that the compensation effect of topping on yield was the result of the increase in the number of branches leading to a significant increase in the number of pods and the number of seeds per plant and 100-seed weight. Therefore, it is believed that topping at the compound leaf stage significantly promoted the formation of yield of high-yield soybean. |
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