| Effects of inter-row covering patterns on the soil, and chestnut yield and quality in chestnut orchard |
|
View Fulltext View/Add Comment Download reader |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.02.15 |
| Key Words: land cover Chinese chestnut soil character yield quality economic benefit |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Fangfang | Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Protection of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China | | GUO Sujuan | Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Protection of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Chinese Chestnut Industry Innovation Alliance, Beijing 100083, China | | LIAO Yining | Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Protection of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China | | MA Yali | Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Protection of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China | | LIU Yabin | Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Protection of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China |
|
| Hits: 782 |
| Download times: 171 |
| Abstract: |
| This experiment was launched in the Qianxi area of Hebei Province in 2019, Castanea mollissima ‘Yanshanzaofeng’, an 8-year-old chestnut variety, was selected as the research object, and a random block design was adopted. The experiment was covered with weeds and black film between the planting rows. There were 4 treatments: (Ⅰ) clear tillage (CK); (Ⅱ) film-mulching; (Ⅲ) grass-mulching; (Ⅳ) grass + film mulching. In this experiment, the effect of inter-row mulching on the soil physical and chemical properties, photosynthetic characteristics, leaf growth and development, fruit yield and quality of chestnut orchards were studied. In addition,the economic efficiency was compared.The results showed that mulching grass between rows significantly reduced the range of daily soil temperature, in the 0~20 cm soil layer, the daily temperature difference range of different treatments in summer (June 30) wasⅡ (3.65℃)>Ⅰ (2.82℃)>Ⅲ (1.73℃)>Ⅳ (1.62℃), the daily variation range of temperature difference under different treatments in autumn (October 30) was Ⅱ (2.14℃)>Ⅰ (2.01℃)>Ⅲ (1.78℃)>Ⅳ (1.69℃). For the 20~40 cm soil layer, the daily change of soil temperature was consistent with the 0~20 cm soil temperature change trend, but there was no obvious peak, and the fluctuation range was around 0.5℃. During the growth period (April-October), the average soil water content of film mulching, grass mulching, grass and film mulching were 1.78%, 3.34%, and 5.11% higher than that of clear tillage, respectively.It can be seen that the water storage and moisturizing effect of grass and film mulching was the most significant. The water storage capacity increased by 39.56 mm at the end of the growth period compared with the beginning of the growth period, and the soil water use efficiency reached 2.25 kg·hm-2·mm-1. Different mulching treatments significantly reduced the soil bulk density in 0~20 cm soil layer and increased the total porosity, with a range of 2%~8%, The soil organic matter and available nutrient contents of chestnut orchard were improved, and the effects of grass mulching treatment and grass + film mulching treatment performed better.Moreover, the treatment of grass and film mulchingsignificantly increased the louver dry weight, leaf area, and specific leaf quality, which were 9.61%, 2.39%, and 7.05% higher than that of clear tillage, respectively.The water use efficiency (WUE) of chestnut leaves under grass-mulching and grass + film mulching (2.67 μmol·mmol-1, 3.01 μmol·mmol-1) was significantly higher than that under clear tillage (2.10 μmol·mmol-1), and SPAD value was 4.62% and 6.95% higher than that under clear tillage, respectively. Grass-mulching could significantly increase the single fruit weight, fruit setting rate, and fruit yield of chestnut, reduced the empty bud rate, and increased the yield. Among them, the fruit setting rate of grass-mulching and grass + film mulching treatments were relatively large, up to 75.68% and 79.48%, respectively. Their yields were 10.07% and 15.00% higher than that of clear tillage, respectively. Weed mulching also improved the quality of chestnut fruit. From the economic point of view,the net income (13 052.80 yuan·hm-2) and the ratio of output to investment (5.08) of grass-mulching treatment were the highest, and had the greatest economic benefit. Therefore, overlying grass can be used as a surface management measure for chestnut garden in arid and semi-arid mountains. |
|
|
|