| Callus induction and mutagenic effect analysis of leaves of mutant plants of alfalfa seeds under 60Co-γ radiation |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.02.21 |
| Key Words: alfalfa seed 60Co-radiation mutant plant leaf callus induction physiological and biochemical indexes membership function |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LI Bo | China College of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China | | LIU Chang | China College of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China | | LI Hong | Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, China | | YANG Zhao | Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Longmu 806 alfalfa seeds were used as experimental materials. The seeds were treated with 60Co-γ radiation at doses of 600, 800 Gy and 900 Gy. Mutant plants were screened from M1 and M2 alfalfa seed progenies by radiation. The leaves of the selected mutant plants were used for callus induction. Nine physiological and biochemical indexes of callus were determined. The physiological and biochemical changes of callus were analyzed by principal component analysis and subordinate function analysis. The results showed that according to the changes of leaf type, plant height, and leaf area, 6 plants with radiation variation were selected, including 1 dwarf plant (A), 4 higher plants (G1, G2, G3, G4), and 1 distorted plant (J). The callus induction rates of J, A, and G4 were 79.35%, 91.89%, and 98.00%, respectively. The callus induction rates of control, G1, G2, and G3 were 100%, and The browning rate of leaf callus ranged from 0.00% to 5.41%. In G3 callus, proline (Pro) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were the highest, 58.72 μg·g-1 and 123.45 μmol·min-1·g-1, and the lowest contents of malondialdehyde (MAD) and relative conductivity (RC) were 0.44 μmol·L-1 and 44.44%, respectively. The content of soluble protein (SP) and soluble sugar (SS) in J callus were the highest, which were 6.92 mg·g-1 and 1.48%. The highest peroxidase (POD) activity was 98.40 μmol·min-1·g-1 in G2 callus, while the highest catalase (CAT) activity was 911.67 μmol·min-1·g-1 in A callus. Principal component analysis showed that SS, Pro, CAT, MAD, RC, and SOD were the main indexes affecting the physiological and biochemical characteristics of alfalfa callus. According to the analysis of the changes of 6 indexes of callus, the order was G3＞CK＞J＞A＞G1＞G2＞G4. The G3 callus from the leaves of the mutant plants could provide the basic materials for the selection of alfalfa stress resistant mutants. |
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