| Impact of conservation tillage measures on maize yield, soil organic carbon and nitrogen components of maize field in rain\|fed region in southwest China |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.03.10 |
| Key Words: conservation tillage maize field straw mulching ridge tillage soil carbon and nitrogen |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | DAI Yisha | College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University / Key Laboratory of Eco\|environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400716, China | | JIA Huijuan | College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University / Key Laboratory of Eco\|environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400716, China | | XIONG Ying | College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University / Key Laboratory of Eco\|environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400716, China
College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China | | LIU Bangyan | College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University / Key Laboratory of Eco\|environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400716, China | | CHENG Xin | College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University / Key Laboratory of Eco\|environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400716, China | | WANG Longchang | College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University / Key Laboratory of Eco\|environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education / Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400716, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In view of the serious problems in southwest China with frequent seasonal drought, shallow soil layer, and soil erosion, basing on the “broad bean/maize/sweet potato” triple cropping system, the maize field was taken as the research object, and 6 treatments were set up for field trials including flat tillage + no straw mulch (FT), ridge tillage + no straw mulch (RT), flat tillage + half straw mulch (FH), ridge tillage + half straw mulch (RH), flat tillage + whole straw mulch (FW), and ridge tillage + whole straw mulch (RW). By analyzing the soil with organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content on the response regularity of different treatments, the results showed the soil distribution characteristics of soil organic C and total N content manifested as 0~10 cm＞10~20 cm. In the same period of growth, ridge cropping and appropriate straw mulching increased soil organic C and reduced the loss of N components. Whole straw mulching was not conducive to the increase of soil organic C and N component fixation. Compared with the treatment FT, RH significantly promoted the total organic C, readily oxidized organic C, particulate organic C, dissolved organic C content, and the total N content. The content of each component in the 0~10 cm soil layer of the maize field at the mature stage increased by 5.1%, 39.2%, 38.5%, 18.8%, and 8.7% when compared with that of pre\|transplanting. In addition, RH effectively slowed down the loss of water\|soluble N, which was only 45.57% of FT. And the active organic C had a significantly positive correlation with the total organic C (P＜0.01), which characterized the total organic C; and there was a positive relationship between maize yield, soil organic C and N contents. In conclusion, ridge tillage with half straw mulching (3 750 kg·hm-2 beans’ straw mulching) produced a more significant benefit of C and N in southwest rain\|fed region, which also boosted output and protected the farmland ecological environment, improving agricultural ecological benefits with popularization significance. |
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