| Effects of green manure crop on abundances of ammonia\|oxidizing archaea and ammonia\|oxidizing bacteria in soil in Qinghai plateau |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.04.13 |
| Key Words: multiple cropping green manure Vicia Villosa Roth AOA AOB community structure |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | HAN Mei | Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China | | GAO Songjuan | Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China | | LI Zhengpeng | Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China | | YAN Qingbiao | Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China | | CAO Weidong | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Division, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In this study, the effects of green manure crop on the number of ammonia\|oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) in soil were studied by multiple cropping green manure crop after wheat harvest. The study was a nine\|year long\|term experiment. The real\|time PCR and high\|throughput Illumina sequencing were used to determine soil ammonium oxidizing bacteria, archaea quantity and microbial community structure. The results showed that ploughing green manure into soil reduced chemical fertilizer application by 30% and leaving green manure stubble in soil reduced fertilizer application by 20%. At the same time, the yield of wheat and rapeseed improved too. SOM, SMBC and SMBN were significantly increased when combining chemical fertilizer with green hairy vetch. Of which the F70+GT treatment was the highest with an increase rate of 1.26%~26.33%. The yield, soil AOA and AOB were increased in all cases of mixing chemical fertilizer with green manure, regardless of ploughing or just leaving the green manure stubble in soil. In particular, the number of AOA was much higher than that of AOB. The AOA and AOB treated with 70% fertilizer and ploughing green manure were the highest, increase by 54.84%~72.51%. The quantity of AOA and AOB in the wheat seedling stage was the lowest, and the quantity of AOA and AOB in the soil in the heading stage reached the highest, and reduced during the mature stage. Green manure regardless of ploughing the entire green manure crop or just leaving the stubble in the soil with chemical fertilizer NPK, the AOA and AOB numbers in the soil were increased, with AOA far higher than AOB, which showed that planting patterns and fertilizer rate affected soil microbial abundance. Multi-year long-term green manure planting after the wheat and reducing use of chemical fertilizer improved the soil microbial abundance and diversity and significantly altered the microbial community composition and structure. |
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