| Effects of different preceding crops on soil nutrient content and photosynthetic characteristics of wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.01.04 |
| Key Words: preceding crops rotation wheat soil nutrient content photosynthetic gas exchange parameters chlorophyll fluorescence parameters yield quality |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHANG Zhanqin | Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China | | ZHANG Li | Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China | | TIAN Haiyan | Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China | | YANG Xiangkun | Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To study the change of soil nutrient content in wheat fields and the effect of crop rotation on gas exchange parameters, fluorescence parameters, yield of wheat after crop rotation, 2 crop rotation modes of cotton\|cotton\|spring wheat (C-C-W) and spring wheat + resowing feed rape\|cotton\|spring wheat (W-C-W) with a control (CK) of the spring wheat + resowing feed rape were set in the main cotton producing areas located at the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains. The results showed that: (1) The soil organic matter content of W-C-W mode and CK increased by 1.61 g/kg and 1.89 g·kg-1, respectively. The rotation mode (W-C-W and C-C-W) effectively slowed down the loss of alkali\|hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus, increased the content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and reduced the soil conductivity by 220.33~278. 67 μs·cm-1. (2) The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), light energy utilization efficiency (LUE), water use efficiency (WUE) and irrigation water use efficiency (WUEi) of W-C-W mode were increased by 10.51%, 136.49%, 35.88%, and 33.26% compared with CK during the ripening stage. The C-C-W treatment increased LUE, WUE, WUEi by 15.85%, 3.24%, and 0.71% compared with CK. (3) Under the rotation mode, the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristic parameters such as the maximum photochemical quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and the actual photochemical quantum yield (Y(Ⅱ)) of wheat after the middle grain filling period were increased. The proportion of light energy absorbed by leaves entering photochemistry (P) and the electron transfer rate were increased after the middle\|filling period, which effectively improved the photosynthesis ability of wheat. (4) The W-C-W mode had the highest leaf area index (LAI) and leaf area duration (LAD) in the whole growth period, lower canopy openness (DIFN), higher mean leaf angle (MTA) in the later period, and the highest final dry matter accumulation and yield were 22 564 kg·hm-2 and 8 925 kg·hm-2, respectively. In conclusion, the rotation of wheat and cotton every other year improved the soil fertility, canopy structure and photosynthetic efficiency of wheat and promoted dry matter accumulation and yield formation. Thus, this rotation mode is worth promoting and spreading. |
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