| Effects of reduction of nitrogen and water of shallow drip irrigation on material distribution of root and canopy and utilization efficiency of water and nitrogen of maize under dense planting |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.02.16 |
| Key Words: maize dense planting shallow drip irrigation water and nitrogen reduction water and nitrogen utilization efficiency |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHANG Yushan, | College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Forage Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028042, China | | YANG Hengshan | College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Forage Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028042, China | | GE Xuanliang | College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Forage Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028042, China | | LIU Jing | College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Forage Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028042, China | | MENG Fanhao | College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Forage Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028042, China | | ZHANG Mingwei | College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Forage Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028042, China | | GUO Zihe | College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Forage Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028042, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the effect of reduction of nitrogen and water of shallow drip irrigation on root and canopy characteristics and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency in spring maize under dense planting, the root distribution, dry matter accumulation and transportation, yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of maize under the density of 90 000 plants·hm-2 were studied. The study adopted a split plot design with the irrigation level as main treatment including 40% (W1), 50% (W2) and 60% (W3) of conventional irrigation and the nitrogen application as secondary treatment including 50% (N1), 70% (N2) and 100% (N3) of conventional nitrogen fertilization by using the traditional border irrigation cooperated with the conventional nitrogen application as the control. The results showed that the root dry weight of different soil layers increased with the increase of amounts of irrigation and nitrogen application, and there was no significant difference in the root dry weight of CK, W2N3 and W3N3 in 20~40 cm and 40~60 cm soil layer. There was no significant difference in dry matter accumulation of W2N3, W3N3 and CK before spinning, but W3N3 was significantly higher than CK after spinning, 9.74% and 7.62% higher than CK in 2018 and 2019. The difference of transport capacity of stem sheath and leaf among W2N3, W3N2 and CK was not significant, and the contribution rate of stem sheath and leaf to grain increased by 0.37% and 0.43% in 2018， and 0.27% and 0.56% respectively in 2019.There was no significant difference in root\|shoot ratio between W3N3 and CK at silking stage, and the root\|shoot ratio of CK was significantly higher than the other treatments except W1N2, W2N3 and W3N3 in 2018, and the root\|shoot ratio of N3 in different irrigation amount had no significant difference with CK in 2019 at maturity stage.The yield per unit root dry weight of CK was significantly lower than that of other treatments except W3N3 in 2019. The material distribution of root and canopy of W2N3 and W3N3 were reasonable, and there were no significant differences in yield and nitrogen partial productivity with CK, however, the irrigation water use efficiency increased by 94.15% and 65.80%, respectively. The treatment of W2N3 under shallow drip irrigation had reasonable root distribution with proper root shoot ratio and high yield and high efficiency under dense planting. The study provided a theoretical reference for high yield and high efficiency in shallow drip irrigation under dense planting of maize in Xiliaohe plain. |
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