| Effects of long\|term application of cattle manure on soil fertility and corn yield of saline\|sodic soil in western Songnen Plain |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.02.21 |
| Key Words: saline\|sodic soils cattle manure corn yield physical and chemical properties of soil structural equation model |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | YU Fei | College of Resources and Environments, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China | | ZHAO Shuo | College of Resources and Environments, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China | | ZHAO Ying | College of Resources and Environments, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China | | WANG Yong | College of Resources and Environments, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China | | FAN Yikai | College of Resources and Environments, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China | | MENG Qingfeng | College of Resources and Environments, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the number of years of cattle manure application, four different treatments were set in this study. The treatments included 13 years (13A), 19 years (19A) and 24 years (24A) of applying cattle manure, and the saline\|sodic soil without applying cattle manure was used as control (CK). Soil samples of 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm in each treatment were collected to determine soil nutrients, physical properties and saline\|sodic properties to explore the fertility of saline\|sodic soil and the mechanism of increasing corn yield under long\|term application of cattle manure. The results showed as follows: Compared with CK, cattle manure application significantly increased the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nutrients and soil field water capacity in 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm layers (P<0.05) and significantly decreased the soil bulk density and soil density (P<0.05) as well as significantly increased the soil porosity in 0~20 cm layer (P<0.05). In 0~20 cm soil layer, soil organic matter and total nitrogen were the highest under 19A treatment, reaching 39.31 g·kg-1 and 1.30 g·kg-1, respectively. The content of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium reached the highest at 24A, which increased by 89.31%, 81.07% and 107.64% compared with CK. The content of soil porosity reached the highest at 24A, which increased by 54.56% when compared with CK. The average decrease rate of soil bulk density and soil density of each treatment was 31.91% and 6.29% compared with CK, however, there were no significant differences between treatments. At the same time, the soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and alkalinity (ESP) of all treatments were significantly lower than those of CK (P<0.05). In 0~20 cm soil layer, the soil pH value was the lowest at 24A, which was 24.45% lower than that of CK. The EC and ESP were the lowest in 19A treatment, which decreased to 0.14 dS·m-1 and 2.52%, respectively. The improvement effect of organic fertilizer on soil physical and chemical properties was more obvious with the increase of application years. The corn yield of treatment for 24A was the highest, reaching 13 780 kg·hm-2, which was increased by 58.57% compared with CK, and significant difference was found among all treatments (P<0.05). The corn yield of CK was the lowest (8 690 kg·hm-2). The results of structural equation model analysis showed that after long\|term application of cattle manure fertilizer, soil field capacity, total nitrogen content, and soil organic matter content were increased, soil bulk density was decreased, and soil pH value was changed. As a result, the corn yield was increased. The decrease of soil bulk density and the increase of field water holding capacity were the key factors affecting corn yield. |
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