| Effects of intercropping and nitrogen application on physiological characteristics and quality of potatoes in arid areas of Southern Ningxia |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.04.08 |
| Key Words: potato intercropping nitrogen application physiological characteristics quality |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Xiaogang | College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | CAI Ming | College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | WU Na | College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | LIU Jili | College of Resources and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | MA Zhonghua | College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China |
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| Abstract: |
| This experiment used potato Qingshu 9 and oat Yanke 1 as study materials and took place from May to October 2019 under field conditions.The treatments included four nitrogen application levels of 0, 75, 150 and 225 kg·hm-2(N0, N1, N2 and N3) and two planting modes of potato monoculture and potato\|oat intercropping (IP and JP).The activities of CAT and POD, MDA proline and chlorophyll content and quality of potato leaves were measured. The results showed that under the condition of nitrogen application, the activities of CAT and POD in potato were significantly higher than those in N0 treatment (P<0.05). At maturity, the activities of CAT, POD and chlorophyll content of JP at N3 level were 14.0%, 22.5% and 19.6% higher than those in N0 treatment respectively, and the contents of MDA and proline at N2 level were 2.1% and 56.8% lower than those in N0 treatment respectively. From budding stage to tuber expansion stage, the physiological characteristics of JP were better than that of IP. Intercropping and appropriate nitrogen application rate were beneficial to the formation of potato quality. Compared with N0 treatment, N1, N2 and N3 increased amylose content in IP by 15.9%, 23.8% and 12.3%, by 11.4%, 45.6% and 17.1% in JP, and amylopectin content by 3.2%, 16.7% and 22.8% in IP, by 27.8%, 64.6% and 1.1% in JP respectively. There was no significant difference in soluble sugar content among nitrogen application treatments (P>0.05). The content of crude protein increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application. When the amount of nitrogen application was N2, it was the highest with the increaseof 3.0% in IP and 8.9% in JP respectively compared with N0.The crude protein in JP was significantly higher than that in IP (P<0.05). From the path analysis, the remaining factor e=(1-R2)1/2 showed that the physiological indicators of potato had the greatest impact on the formation of amylopectin and the least impact on the crude protein content. The remaining factors were 0.750 and 0.401, respectively. Chlorophyll had the greatest direct influence on the formation of amylose and amylopectin. The direct path coefficients were 0.328 and 0.767 respectively. The content of tuber amylose, amylopectin and soluble sugar was reflected by the level of chlorophyll. In summary, the potato\|oat intercropping compound system optimized the physiological characteristics of potato growth and development, thereby improving potato quality.The recommended nitrogen application rate in production is 150 kg·hm-2 (N2). |
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