| Effects of different planting years on soil pore structure and hydraulic characteristics of apple orchards in the Arid Area of Northern Weihe River Basin |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.05.11 |
| Key Words: apple orchard planting years soil pore structure soil hydraulic characteristics Arid Area of Northern Weihe River Basin |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | YANG Haosheng | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | MA Yongsheng | Yan’an Fruit Industry Research and Development Center, Luochuan, Shaanxi 727400, China | | HU Xiaotao | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | TANG Wenzheng | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | CHEN Dianyu | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | WANG Wen’e | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHOU Shiwei | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | DU Jingbin | Yan’an Fruit Industry Research and Development Center, Luochuan, Shaanxi 727400, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Spatial time\|exchange method was used in this study to determine soil pore structure and hydraulic characteristics in 2 a, 13 a, and 33 a orchards in the Arid Area of Northern Weihe River Basin. Mercury intrusion method was used to obtain the characteristics of soil situ pore structure. The 0～100 cm soil profiles was divided into surface soil layer, potential plough layer and subsoil layer at the boundary of 20 cm and 40 cm. In potential plough layer, the soil bulk density was higher, the water conductivity was poorer, and the water availability to crops decreased, which was possible to form plow bottom.The bulk density increased with the increase of planting years. In the same orchard: the percentage of macropore(>75 μm) and mesopore(30～75 μm) were highest in surface soil layer, accounting for 7.63%~10.32% and 10.94%~13.14% respectively; the percentage of micropore(5～30 μm) was highest in subsoil layer, accounting for 30.60%~47.85%; and the percentage of ultramicropore (0.1～5 μm)and cryptopore(<0.1 μm)were highest in potential plough layer, accounting for 37.36%~52.55% and 13.15%~19.08% respectivley. In the surface soil layer, which was disturbed frequently by tillage, the ratio of pores in different size was very close among 2 a, 13 a and 33 a orchard. In the subsoil layer, which was not easy to be disturbed by tillage, both macropores and mesopores showed a trend of increasing with the increase of tillage years. Soil bulk density was negatively correlated with macropore content and positively correlated with ultramicropore and cryptopore. Saturated conductivity was negatively correlated with soil bulk density. Micropores(5～30 μm) played an important role in both soil water conduction and holding, which specific surface area was significantly positively correlated with field capacity, and pore volume fraction was significantly positively correlated with saturated water conductivity.VG model parameter n was significantly negatively correlated with macropore and mesopore content. With the increase in planting years, soil organic matter content decreased by 0.425 g·kg-1 every 5 years, and field capacity decreased by 0.8% cm3·cm-3 every 5 years. The regression prediction of soil water conservancy parameters established in this study can provide a reference for efficient water use in apple orchards. |
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