| Accumulation and leaching effects of seasonal nitrogen fertilizer in the soil profile of dryland dwarf apple orchards |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.06.17 |
| Key Words: apple 15N N application rate nitrate nitrogen |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LI Rong | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | WANG Yilin | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | QU Hongchao | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHU Zhijun | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHANG Zihao | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHANG Hao | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | JIANG Rui | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To study the accumulation and leaching of seasonal nitrogen (N) fertilizer in dryland dwarf apple trees, soil auger sampling and 15N isotope tracing techniques were used to determine the nitrogen accumulation distribution characteristics and seasonal N fertilizer residues in the soil profile (0~300 cm) of six\|year\|old late\|maturing dwarf ‘Yanchanghong’ apple orchards. The results showed that soil water content and nitrate\|nitrogen content had a strong similar trend. Nitrate\|nitrogen was significantly enriched in the 80~140 cm soil layer in CK, N400 and N800 treatments, with peaks of 174.9, 194.8 mg·kg-1and 211.1 mg·kg-1 respectively. In the 0~300 cm soil profiles of the CK, N400 and N800 treatments, the accumulation of total N was 10 927.3, 13 734.8 kg·hm-2 and 15 645.4 kg·hm-2, the accumulation of nitrate was 1 873.5, 2 353.9 kg·hm-2 and 2 892.7 kg·hm-2, and the accumulation of ammonium N was 12.2, 42.6 kg·hm-2and 44.4 kg·hm-2, respectively. The proportion of nitrogen from seasonal N fertilizer in the orchard soil (0~300 cm) ranged from 0.10% to 1.50% in the N400 treatment and from 0.18% to 2.03% in the N800 treatment. The proportion of total nitrogen from seasonal nitrogen fertilizer was significantly higher in the 80~100 cm layer (1.50% and 2.03% for N400 and N800, respectively) than in the other layers. The residual rates of TN-15N, NO-3-15N and NH+4-15N were 21.6%, 19.2% and 0.2% under N400 treatment and 48.8%, 39.3% and 0.3% under N800 treatment, respectively, and the residual rates of N in the soil increased significantly with the increase of applied N, and were mainly nitrate N. The residual rates of NO-3-15N in the 100~300 cm soil layer were 8.5% and 25.5% for N400 and conventional N800 treatments, respectively. The N fertilizer leaching out of the root zone (0~80 cm) in the season was obvious. The optimum fertilizer application rate and the effect of fertilizer application rate on yield are still to be determined on the basis of N400. |
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