| Effects of different mulching patterns and irrigation quotas on soil hydrothermal, nutrients and yield of sunflower farmland in Hexi Oasis |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.06.23 |
| Key Words: sunflower irrigation quota water storage broken wheat straw cushion film mulch yield |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | HUI Shijia | College of Water Conservancy and HydropowerEngineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
Water Resources Planning and Research Institute of Xinjinag Water Resources Department, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China | | ZHANG Jinxia | . College of Water Conservancy and HydropowerEngineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To clarify the yield\|increasing mechanism of different mulching methods combined with irrigation quota in sunflower planting, three mulching methods including plastic film mulching (S), straw mulching (F) and straw mat mulching with crushed wheat straw (SF) and no mulching (N) as the control were set up in this study. Two irrigation quotas were 900 m3·hm-2 (H) and 750 m3·hm-2 (M). The soil water and temperature, nutrients and yield of sunflower were studied. The results showed that mulching treatments combined with different irrigation quotas increased soil water storage compared with non\|mulching planting. When the irrigation quota was 900 m3·hm-2, SF and F increased by 23.89% and 12.37%, and S increased by 6.50%. When the irrigation quota was 750 m3·hm-2, SF, F and S significantly increased by 20.64%, 8.23% and 6.96%, respectively. Mulching combined with different irrigation quota had different effects on soil temperature. When the irrigation quota was 900 m3·hm-2, SF and F increased by 2.82%~7.43%, and S decreased by 4.3% compared with N. When the irrigation quota was 750 m3·hm-2, SF and F were higher than N, with an increase of 1.40%~6.87%. Mulching treatment combined with different irrigation ration increased the contents of soil alkali\|hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and organic matter. Compared with N treatment, SF treatment significantly increased the contents of organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, and alkali\|hydrolyzed nitrogen by 16.7%, 15.2%, 12.8% and 16.5%, respectively. Compared with N treatment, F and S treatments increased organic matter, available phosphorus, and potassium by 6.3%~6.8%, 4.7%~7.8% and 8.6%~8.8%, respectively. Mulching treatment combined with different irrigation quota increased the yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of sunflower. Compared with N treatment, SFH, SH, FH, SFM and FM treatments increased by 25.9%, 6.7%, 10.4%, 18.2% and 15.2%, respectively, while SM decreased by 3.1% and SFM treatment increased WUE by 6.3%. In conclusion, SFM treatment had great advantages in improving soil moisture and temperature of sunflower, increasing soil nutrients, sunflower yield, and water use efficiency. Therefore, SFM planting pattern is a suitable agricultural production technology for sunflower cultivation in Hexi oasis. |
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