| Effects of combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on yield and distribution of active ingredient in organs of C. tinctorius |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.01.07 |
| Key Words: C. tinctorius. nitrogen phosphorus potassium yield flavonoid HYSA kaempferol |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | HU Xiqiao | College of Life Science and Technology of Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China；Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China | | CHEN Hongzhi | Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Xinxiang Institute of Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453700, China | | WU Peihong | College of Life Science and Technology of Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China | | LU Yaoyao | College of Life Science and Technology of Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China | | ZHOU Baoying | College of Life Science and Technology of Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China | | YANG Wenping | College of Life Science and Technology of Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China | | MENG Li | College of Life Science and Technology of Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Field trials were carried out in the experimental site of Henan Institute of Science and Technology in 2018 and 2019. The study used nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers with four levels including no fertilizer (N0, P0 , K0), low fertilizer (N1, P1, K1), medium fertilizer (N2, P2, K2) and high fertilizer (N3, P3, K3). The treatments were T2(N0P2K2), T3(N1P2K2), T4(N2P2K2), T5(N3P2K2), T6(N2P0K2), T7 (N2P1K2), T8(N2P3K2), T9(N2P2K0), T10(N2P2K1) and T11(N2P2K3), and T1(N0P0K0) as a control group. Bainong C. tinctorius No.1 was used as the trial material. The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium dosage and ratios on yield of C. tinctorius and distribution of active ingredient in different organs at different growth stages of C. tinctorius were investigated. The results showed that the flower yield of C. tinctorius increased with the increase of nitrogen dosage, and T5 was the largest, which increased by 59.44% compared with T1. With the increase of phosphorus and potassium dosage, the flower yield showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and T4 was the largest, which increased by 42.87% compared with T1. The seed yield of C. tinctorius increased with the increase of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium dosage showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and T4 was the highest, which increased by 116.52% compared with T1. The dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the ratio of flavonoids in different organs in different growth stages of C. tinctorius had the same regularity. The flavonoid content in the leaves and stems showed a trend of first declining and then rising, while the flavonoid content in the root gradually increased. The content of flavonoids was leaf > stem > root from seedling stage to mature stage. Nitrogen and potassium inhibited the distribution and accumulation of vegetative organ flavonoids into flowers, and phosphorus promoted the distribution and accumulation of C. tinctorius flavonoids into flowers. The accumulation of flavonoids per flower was the highest in T9, followed by T4, and the ratio of the accumulation of flavonoids in flowers to the accumulation of flavonoids per plant was highest in T3, followed by T2. The content of hydroxyl safflower yellow A was relatively high when there was no nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and kaempferol had nothing to do with the level and ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium promoted distribution and accumulation of flavonoids in the seeds and T4 was the best. With comprehensive consideration of C. tinctorius yield traits and quality, T4 (N 225 kg·hm-2, P2O5 150 kg·hm-2, and K2O 150 kg·hm-2) was the best fertilization plan for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium levels and ratios in C. tinctorius production. |
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