| Effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction on cotton yield, dry matter production and nitrogen uptake and utilization |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.02.10 |
| Key Words: cotton nitrogen fertilizer reduction dry matter accumulation yield nitrogen use efficiency |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | TANG Jianghua | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | SU Lili | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | XU Wenxiu | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | MENG Lingyi | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | WANG Chen | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | TIAN Wenqiang | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | ZHANG Junyao | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | WANG Jiayong | College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the response of cotton dry matter production, yield and nitrogen uptake and utilization to nitrogen fertilizer reduction in Northern Xinjiang, a field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of different reduced N applications on cotton growth and development and yield in North Xinjiang from 2020 to 2021. The research set up four nitrogen application levels: conventional nitrogen application of 375 kg·hm-2 (N100%), conventional reduction of 20% to 300 kg·hm-2 (N80%), conventional reduction of 40% to 225 kg·hm-2 (N60%), and no nitgroen fertilizer application (N0). The results showed that, the plant height of cotton in both years showed a trend of conventional N application (N100%) > 20% N reduction (N80%)> 40% N reduction (N60%) > no N fertilizer (N0), and the diameter of stem showed N80%> N100%> N60%> N0. The dry matter accumulation in all treatments was basically highest in the N80% treatment during the cotton growth period (two\|year average), and the final (120~130 d) dry matter accumulation percentage and yield were also the highest in the N80% treatment 18.73% higher than that of N100%. Cotton boll number per plant,boll weight per plant, lint and yield reached to the highest level under the N80% treatment, with a two\|year average seed cotton yield of 6 354.33 kg·hm-2 and lint cotton yield of 2 664.12 kg·hm-2. Seed cotton yield and lint yield were 13.88%, 19.84%, 39.44% and 18.11%, 24.98%, 41.28% higher than N100%, N60%, N0 respectively, while the apparent and agronomic utilization rates of N fertilizer were higher. The nitrogen apparent utilization rate and agronomic utilization rate of N80% treatment were also higher than other treatments. Through correlation analysis, it was found that some of the indicators were significantly positively correlated with nitrogen reduction.The correlation between nitrogen absorption per plant and nitrogen absorption in population was the highest in the two years. In summary, under the conditions of this experiment, reducing the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer by 20% based on the conventional nitrogen application rate of farmers should meet the nitrogen requirements of cotton growth and promote increased cotton yields and efficiency. |
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