| Community composition and functional characteristics of endophytic fungi in leaves of different apple varieties in arid area of Xinjiang |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.02.23 |
| Key Words: apple variety endophytic fungal community high\|throughput sequencing technologies FUNGuild Xinjiang |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | GULINISHA Shayimu | Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China | | ZHANG Zhidong | Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China
Key Laboratory of Saline\|alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Saline\|alkali Land in Arid and Semi\|arid Regions), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China | | YANG Bo | Research Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China | | ZHANG Shikui | Agriculture National Fruit Tree Germplasm Repository, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Luntai, Xinjiang 841600, China | | ZHU Jing | Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China
Key Laboratory of Saline\|alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Saline\|alkali Land in Arid and Semi\|arid Regions), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China | | YI Yuanyang | Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China | | TANG Qiyong | Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China | | CHU Min | Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China | | SUN jian | Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China | | GU Meiying | Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China
Key Laboratory of Saline\|alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Saline\|alkali Land in Arid and Semi\|arid Regions), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In the typical arid area of Xinjiang, Luntai, the distribution characteristics and differences of endophytic fungi in leaves of different apple varieties were analyzed to provide a reference for disease control, variety selection and screening functional strains. The community composition and functional characteristics were compared using the ITS gene high\|throughput sequencing technology. The research showed that endophytic fungi in leaves of different apple varieties were very rich. A total of 566453 fungal sequences were detected, including 5 phyla, 15 classes, 30 orders, 42 families, 43 genera. The diversity index and abundance index of endophytic fungi in leaves of different apple varieties were different with the highest values in wild apple in Xinjiang. The dominant fungus at phylum level was Ascomycota (85.22%~98.68%), and there was little difference among different varieties.There were some differences among different varieties in class and genus. The dominant classes were Leotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes of Ascomycetes, with relative abundances of 17.48%~69.69% and 28.21%~67.59% respectively. The dominant fungal genera included Microidium (17.47%~69.68%), Alternaria (13.36%~39.35%), Cladosporium (2.94%~8.80%) and Cryptococcus (0.20%~2.36%). There were 42 OTUs in common genera, accounting for more than 99% of the relative abundance of each sample,while the unique genera were less than 1%.Due to long\|term adaptation to the arid environment, most of the classified endophytic fungi at the genus level showed stress resistance characteristics such as salt alkali tolerance and drought resistance, and also had the functions of disease resistance, growth and production promotion of active metabolites. UPGMA analysis found that the differences of species and abundance of endophytic fungi in leaves were closely related to apple varieties.Function analysis of FUNGuild showed that there were great differences among endophytic fungi of different apple varieties. Functional groups of fungi were mainly concentrated in Pathotroph (17.49%~69.70%) and Pathotroph\|Saprotroph\|Symbiotroph (14.62%~45.60%).This study provides a reference value for targeted research and development of foliar fertilizer for different varieties and disease inhibition, and screening apple varieties with low pathogen content and good disease resistance for production. |
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