| In recent decades, striving for extensive growth through high agricultural input and resource use have frequently caused series of problems including high yield with low quality, waste of resources, decline of production capacity and environmental pollution. Solving these problems becomes extremely urgent to accelerate the transformation of agriculture and achieve green, ecological and sustainable development. Xi Jinping’s important instruction on organic dryland farming has pointed out the direction for the development of agriculture in Shanxi and other dryland areas. The article explains the profound meaning and green development concept of organic dryland farming, analyzes its cultural gene and scientific essence of “big organic”. The paper discusses the advantages and shortcomings of traditional organic dry farming and reveals the current problems and hidden worries of dry farming and water conservation. In addition, it clarifies the importance of vigorously developing organic dryland farming for the transformation and high\|quality development of agriculture and puts forward the suggestions for taking the road of organic dryland farming. The importance of organic dryland farming for agricultural transformation and high\|quality development is clarified, and suggestions for organic dryland farming are put forward. |