NaCl胁迫下不同葡萄砧木耐盐性与其离子吸收、光合特性的关系

王瑞; 史晓敏; 张艳霞; 吴轩; 王宁; 陈泽平; 王振平

Relationships between salt tolerance and ion absorption, photosynthetic characteristics of different grape rootstocks under NaCl stress

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DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.03.16

Key Words: grape rootstock salt stress ion distribution photosynthesis salt tolerance

Author Name	Affiliation
WANG Rui	School of Agricultural, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
SHI Xiaomin	School of Agricultural, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
ZHANG Yanxia	School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
WU Xuan	School of Agricultural, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
WANG Ning	School of Agricultural, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
CHEN Zeping	School of Agricultural, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
WANG Zhenping	School of Agricultural, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China

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Abstract:

To select salt\|tolerant grape rootstocks and explore its salt\|tolerant mechanism, this study used 13 kinds of annual grape rootstocks as experimental materials. The growth and photosynthetic characteristics of grape rootstocks and the differences of Na⁺, Cl^-, K⁺, Mg²⁺¹ and Ca²⁺¹ in grape rootstocks were treated with 100 mM NaCl irrigation. The results of apparent salt damage index showed that 110R and 101-14 were high salt\|resistant varieties with low salt damage index. Dogridge, 5BB and V.champini were salt\|resistant varieties. 5C, Beta and B.R.No.2 were medium salt\|resistant varieties, Valiant and Amurensis × Riparia #2 were salt\|sensitive varieties. 188-08, 3309C and 140R were salt\|sensitive varieties with the highest salt\|tolerance index and the weakest salt\|sensitive varieties. The results of physiological indexes showed that under salt stress, for rootstocks 5BB, 101-14, Valiant, Amurensis × Riparia #2, Dogridge and 5C, there were significant differences in the increase of stem diameter and new shoots length compared with the control. The net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance and transpiration rate (T_r) of all grape rootstocks were significantly lower than those of the control. The P_n of 140R and 188-08 leaves were 0.38 μmol·m^-2·S^-1 and 0.48 μmol·m^-2·S^-1 in the later stage of salt stress, and the T_r were 0.183 mol·m^-2·S^-1 and 0.20 mol·m^-2·S^-1. The plant leaves basically withered, photosynthesis disappeared, and stomata closed. The ion balance in grape rootstocks was destroyed. Na⁺ and Cl^- accumulated massively, K⁺, Ca²⁺¹ and Mg²⁺¹ absorption was blocked, and 110R was blocked most significantly, and the root system decreased by 83.21%, 85.03% and 75.68% respectively compared with control in the later stage of stress. The values of K⁺/Na⁺、Ca²⁺¹/Na⁺ and Mg²⁺¹/Na⁺ in plants decreased significantly under salt stress. Salt\|resistant grape rootstocks mainly transported Na⁺ and Cl^- to the shoot through root interception to enhance the selective absorption of K⁺, Ca²⁺¹ and Mg²⁺¹ ions in order to maintain ion balance and improve salt tolerance of grape rootstocks.