| Responses of maize yield and water use efficiency to long\|term fertilization patterns in dryland of Shanxi Province |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.04.07 |
| Key Words: organic fertilizer nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer maize yield water use efficiency contribution rate of soil fertility |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LIU Zhiping | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture（in preparation）, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | MA Xiaonan | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture（in preparation）, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | XIE Wenyan | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture（in preparation）, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | YANG Zhenxing | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture（in preparation）, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | ZHOU Huaiping | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture（in preparation）, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | XU Minggang | Institute of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture（in preparation）, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
Eco Environment Industry Technology Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the effects of different long\|term fertilization measures on maize yield and water use efficiency (WUE) in dryland and effectively guide rational fertilization, a 30-year long\|term experiment was carried out in the semi\|humid arid region of Shouyang, Shanxi Province. Four nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer treatments (N1P1M0, N2P2M0, N3P3M0, N4P4M0), three nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer treatments (N2P1M1, N4P2M2 and N3P2M3), one organic fertilizer treatments (N0P0M6), with no fertilization treatment (N0P0M0) as the control were set up. The variation characteristics of maize yield and its composition, WUE and maize fertility contribution rate in recent 3 years (2019—2021) were analyzed. The results showed as follows: with the increase of fertilizer input, the yield and its components (spike number per hectare, grain number per panicle and hundred\|grain weight) of maize treated with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer alone increased first and then decreased in different precipitation years, of which N2P2M0 treatment having the best performance with the nitrogen and phosphorus application amounts of 120 kg·hm-2 and 75 kg·hm-2, respectively. Compared with single application of chemical fertilizer, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer increased maize yield by 32.7% on average, and the yield variation coefficient decreased by 6.1%. The response of WUE to fertilization showed the same trend as that of maize yield. Compared with chemical fertilizer alone, combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer increased the WUE by 33.0%. WUE was positively correlated with maize yield and soil organic matter, and negatively correlated with water consumption during growth period. Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer, the application of organic fertilizer increased soil organic matter and reduced the soil fertility contribution rate of water use efficiency. When soil organic matter content was greater than 25 g·kg-1, the soil fertility contribution of WUE decreased. In conclusion, combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer improved WUE and ensured high and stable yield of maize, which was the best fertilization mode for dryland maize in Shanxi Province. |
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