| Effects of exogenous melatonin on fruit quality and volatile compounds of tomatoes |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.04.09 |
| Key Words: tomato exogenous melatonin fruit quality volatile compounds |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | DOU Jianhua | College of Horticulture，Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070，China | | ZHANG Yang | College of Horticulture，Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070，China | | YUAN Hong | College of Horticulture，Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070，China | | WANG Guangzheng | College of Horticulture，Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070，China | | WANG Junwen | College of Horticulture，Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070，China | | WANG Jie | College of Horticulture，Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070，China | | WU Yue | College of Horticulture，Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070，China | | TANG Zhongqi | College of Horticulture，Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070，China | | YU Jihua | College of Horticulture，Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070，China
Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid Land Crop Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070，China |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the effects of exogenous melatonin on tomato fruit quality and volatile compounds, tomato Solanum lycopersicum (‘Hangfen Gaotang’) was used as the test material in this experiment. Spraying distilled water on fruit surface as the control (CK) and four different concentrations of melatonin spraying treatments of T1 (50 μmol·L-1), T2 (100 μmol·L-1), T3 (150 μmol·L-1) and T4 (200 μmol·L-1) were set up. The results showed that: (1) 100 μmol·L-1 exogenous melatonin significantly increased the contents of fructose, glucose and total soluble sugar and reduced the content of organic acids in tomato fruit, thereby, the ratio of sugar to acid in tomato fruit was significantly increased. (2) A total of 86 volatile compounds were detected in five treatments, including 12 ketones, 32 aldehydes, 14 alcohols, 4 esters, 13 hydrocarbons, 7 phenols and 4 other compounds. The total amount and content of volatile compounds in each treatment were as follows: CK-55 types, 1 279.18 μg·kg-1, T1-69 types, 1 960.95 μg·kg-1, T2-66 types, 2 258.70 μg·kg-1, T3-62 types, 1 818.84 μg·kg-1, and T4-59 types,1 695.04 μg·kg-1. In every treatment, the content of aldehydes was the highest and the content of phenols was the lowest. The 100 μmol·L-1 treatment increased the total contents of ketones, aldehydes, alcohols and esters compounds in tomato fruits. All the detected volatile compounds contained 10 kinds of characteristic aroma substances of tomatoes of which 100 μmol·L-1 melatonin treatment had the highest content (1 307.34 μg·kg-1). (3) Compared with the control, spraying melatonin increased the single fruit weight, soluble solids, soluble protein, vitamin C and lycopene content of tomato fruit and promoted the absorption of mineral elements such as N, K, Mg, Cu, Fe and Zn in tomato fruits. (4) Principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive score of each treatment was T2>T1>T3>T4>CK. In conclusion, exogenous spraying melatonin significantly improved the nutritional and flavor quality of tomato fruits, and the 100 μmol·L-1 treatment was the best. |
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