| Effect of reducing the application of slow\|release urea on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.01.07 |
| Key Words: slow\|release urea soil nitrate nitrogen nitrogen transport nitrogen use efficiency winter wheat yield |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | BAI Dongping | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | LU Shiyu | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | GU Xiaobo | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | DU Yadan | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | SONG Hui | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | CAI Wenjing | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | Li Yuannong | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To optimize the efficient nitrogen application management of dryland wheat and achieve the goal of efficient production, A 2-year field experiment (2019-2020 and 2020-2021) was conducted to explore the effects of slow\|release urea application reduction on yield and nitrogen utilization of winter wheat. The treatments included no fertilization (CK), no N (T1), 300 kg·hm-2 urea N (T2, conventional nitrogen application), 300 kg·hm-2 slow\|release urea N (T3), 195 kg·hm-2 slow\|release urea N (T4), and 90 kg·hm-2 slow\|release urea N (T5). The results showed that the slow\|release urea treatment (T4 and T5) significantly reduced the NO-3-N accumulation amount in 0~200 cm soil layer and increased the NO-3-N proportion in 0~40 cm soil layer. Application of slow\|release urea significantly increased nitrogen transfer volume and post\|blooming nitrogen uptake of winter wheat, and T3 treatment increased 12.9% and 13.6%, respectively, compared with the local conventional nitrogen treatment. The contribution rate of nitrogen transport to grain increased first and then decreased with the increase of the reduction rate of slow\|release urea application, and reached the maximum under T4 treatment, which increased by 0.2%~50.0% compared with other nitrogen treatments. The application of slow\|release urea improved the yield components and increased the yield to varying degrees. The 2-year yield of T4 treatment was 8 434 and 9 060 kg·hm-2, which increased by 19.7% and 13.9% in 2019-2020, and 17.3% and 10.4% in 2020-2021 compared with T2 and T3 treatment, and the economic benefit increased by 33.3% and 34.0% in 2019-2020, and 26.8% and 23.2% in 2020-2021 compared with T2 and T3 treatment, respectively. The reduced application of slow\|release urea mitigated nitrogen apparent loss, leading to enhanced nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity. Through fitting analysis, it was found that when the dosage of slow\|release urea was 208.7 kg·hm-2, the high yield and high efficiency of winter wheat was realized, and the 2-year yield was 8 054 kg·hm-2 and 8 806 kg·hm-2, the net benefit was 6 890 CNY·hm-2 and 8 475 CNY·hm-2, and the NHI was 78.2% and 78.9%, respectively. |
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