| Effects of population density and fulvic acid on grain starch formation and processing characteristics of kidney bean |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.02.13 |
| Key Words: kidney bean seed starch population density fulvic acid starch processing quality |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | SUN Guangxu | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | GUO Wei | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation Technology and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the effects of population density and foliar spraying of fulvic acid on starch formation and processing characteristics of kidney bean in northwestern Heilongjiang Province, a two\|factor split\|zone design was used, with three population densities in the main zone of 200 000 plant·hm-2 (D1, sparse planting treatment), 230 000 plant·hm-2 (D2, local conventional density), and 260 000 plant·hm-2 (D3, dense planting treatment) and five fulvic acid concentrations in the secondary zone of clear water (C0), 0.37 (C1), 0.45 (C2), 1.12 kg·hm-2 (C3) and 1.50 kg·hm-2 (C4). The starch of kidney bean seeds after maturity was extracted by alkaline leaching method, and the group effects on the formation of starch quality of kidney bean and the regulation effects of foliar fertilizer were investigated by determining the solubility, expansion, freeze\|thaw stability, pasting characteristics, transparency, content of straight\|chain amylose, and the physicochemical properties of the starch. The results showed that the crude starch content and the proportion of straight\|chain starch in kidney bean kernels significantly affected the processing characteristics of starch. In 2021 and 2022, the amylose content of kidney bean increased with the increase of population density, from 45.7% and 47.7% to 59.0% and 50.7%, respectively. At the same time, the content of straight\|chain amylose all peaked under the high\|density (260 000 plant·hm-2) treatments, at 36.3% and 28.4%, respectively. Foliar spraying of fulvic acid promoted the accumulation of kidney bean grain starch, increased the total grain starch content, and increased the proportion of straight\|chain starch in the grains under the medium and low\|density populations (200 000 and 230 000 plant·hm-2), with a range of increases of 8.4% to 17.0%, 16.4% to 35.6%, and 6.1% to 19.3%， 8.4% to 12.8%, in 2021 and 2022, respectively, but reduced the proportion of straight\|chain starch in the high\|density population (260 000 plant·hm-2), with a range of 5.7% to 13.6% and 4.3% to 15.0% in 2021 and 2022, respectively. In a comprehensive analysis, the cultivation density of 260 000 plant·hm-2 in northwestern Heilongjiang was favorable to the formation of starch quality of the kernel, while the spraying of fulvic acid at 1.50 kg·hm-2 during the flowering stage of kidney bean had a certain promotional effect on the processing quality of starch. |
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