| Exploration of technology and economic benefit analysis for double improvement of soil organic matter and maize yield in cold area black soil |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.02.14 |
| Key Words: cool area black soil organic fertilizer deep application and loosening corn yield economic benefits soil fertilization |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | XU Chao | College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China | | HOU Ruixing | Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China | | YANG Kejun | College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation Technology and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319, China | | FU Jian | College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation Technology and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319, China | | Wang Yuxian | Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161006, China | | SUN Shunan | College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China | | MIAO Yu | College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China | | Qi Xiangkun | College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To examine dual improvement effects of organic fertilizer’ return and conservation tillage measures on soil organic matter and crop yield in western Heilongjiang Province,in 2021, the experiment was carried out in Meilisi District, Qiqihar City, western Heilongjiang Province. Maize was used as the test crop, and five treatments were set up: organic fertilizer deep loosening 40 cm (YS40), straw stubble + deep loosening 40 cm (WS40), organic fertilizer + rotary tillage 20 cm (YS20), straw stubble + rotary tillage 20 cm (WS20), organic fertilizer surface application + no tillage (YB); straw stubble + no\|tillage (CK). The results showed that the treatment of applying organic fertilizer after two consecutive growing seasons improved the soil fertility of the deep soil layer. In the 20~40 cm soil layer, the organic matter and total nitrogen of the YS20 treatment increased by 11.56 g·kg-1 and 0.57 g·kg-1 respectively compared with the CK treatment. Compared with CK treatment, the organic matter and total nitrogen of YS40 treatment in the 40~60 cm soil layer increased by 2.83 g·kg-1 and 0.28 g·kg-1 respectively. In terms of soil structure, the bulk density of YB treatment in the 0~20 cm soil layer was 17.5% lower than that of CK, and the water content was increased by 35.5%. The bulk density of YS40 treatment in the 40~60 cm soil layer was 5.3% lower than that of CK, and the water content was increased by 38.4%. Organic fertilizer and conservation tillage treatments increased leaf area index, chlorophyll content, and dry matter accumulation at different growth stages of maize, thus significantly increasing maize yield. In the second year, YS40, YS20, and YB treatments increased yield by 14.5%, 18.5%, and 11.4% respectively compared with CK treatment. Compared with CK treatment, the income difference in YB treatment in 2021 and YS20 treatment in 2022 increased the most, with an increase of 5 770 CNY·hm-2 and 5 223 CNY·hm-2, respectively. In summary, the implementation of organic fertilizer returning + conservation tillage in thin black soil in western Heilongjiang Province was an effective measure to improve soil organic matter, organic carbon storage, total nitrogen, total nitrogen storage, maize yield and economic benefits. |
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