| Study on fertilization types and nitrogen application rates of spring maize in dryland based on APSIM model |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.03.23 |
| Key Words: spring maize nitrate nitrogen nitrogen use efficiency integrated organic and inorganic fertilizers APSIM model |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | JIN Zhiqiang | Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Dry Farming and Water\|Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | SUN Dongbao | Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Dry Farming and Water\|Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | WANG Qingsuo | Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Dry Farming and Water\|Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the reasonable fertilization mode for high yield of maize and reduction of nitrate nitrogen residue, the effects of different fertilization types and nitrogen application rates on yield, nitrate nitrogen residue and nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize were studied through a field experiment and APSIM model simulation of spring maize in the Shouyang drylands of Shanxi Province. In the field experiment, three main fertilization treatments were set up, including single application of chemical fertilizer, combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer (combined application ratio of 1∶1) and single application of organic fertilizer. Seven sub\|treatments of fertilization gradients were set at 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 kg·hm-2 and 300 kg·hm-2, respectively, and the model was calibrated and verified by using the fertilization test data of spring maize at the test site from 2019 to 2021. The results showed that the APSIM model better simulated the local maize yield and nitrate nitrogen residue status. Under different precipitation years, increasing amount of nitrogen fertilizer application caused the crop yield to increase first and then decrease. The nitrate nitrogen residue increased significantly, with the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate decreasing. Under the same fertilization type and nitrogen application rate, the yield of spring maize in wet year was the highest, the nitrate nitrogen residue was the lowest, and the nitrogen use efficiency was the highest. Under the same precipitation year and nitrogen application rate, the yield of spring maize was the highest under the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers, the nitrate nitrogen residue was in the middle, and the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate was the highest. In addition, compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers had a better effect on the increase of maize yield in arid areas. The sensitivity of soil nitrate nitrogen residue to precipitation change was relatively low, and its nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate was less affected by precipitation. Overall, the best fertilization method was the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers. When the nitrogen application rate was between 148~168 kg·hm-2, the nitrate nitrogen residue was maintained within the threshold, and the spring maize yield reached about 95% of the theoretical yield. |
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