| Effects of combined application of chemical and organic fertilizers on the stability and fulvic acid structure of black soil aggregates |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.04.12 |
| Key Words: chemical fertilizer combined with organic manure black soil aggregate stability three\|dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy fulvic acid |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHANG Min | Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | HAN Xiaozeng | Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China | | LU Xinchun | Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China | | CHEN Xu | Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China | | YAN Jun | Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China | | FENG Haoliang | Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | ZOU Wenxiu | Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the effects of chemical fertilizer combined with organic manure on the distribution and fulvic acid structure of soil aggregates, a long\|term positioning experiment was established in Hailun Agroecosystem Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Science in 2001, including four treatments of no fertilizer (CK), single chemical fertilizer (NPK), chemical fertilizer +15 000 kg·hm-2organic manure (NPKM1), and chemical fertilizer +22 500 kg·hm-2organic manure (NPKM2). The results showed that: (1) The combined application of chemical and organic fertilizers significantly increased the proportion of >0.25 mm soil aggregates in the 0~40 cm soil layer, thereby enhancing the stability of soil aggregates. Compared with the CK treatment, the proportions of >0.25 mm aggregates in the 0~20 cm soil layer increased by 6.2%~26.3%, and 8.4%~50.2% under the NPKM1, and NPKM2 treatments, respectively. (2) The fulvic acid in soil aggregates of various particle sizes contains three fluorescent components: fulvic acid\|like, humic acid\|like, and protein\|like substances. The combined application of chemical and organic fertilizers increased the fluorescence intensity and percentage of fulvic acid\|like, humic acid\|like components and the fluorescence intensity of the protein\|like component in the soil aggregates, while reducing the percentage of protein\|like component fluorescence intensity. Compared with the CK, the fluorescence intensities of fulvic acid\|like and humic acid\|like components in the >0.25 mm aggregates increased by 7.0%~30.5%, and 12.8%~45.4% under the NPKM1, and NPKM2, respectively. Additionally, the fulvic acid in soil aggregates of various particle sizes was influenced by both autochthonous and allochthonous sources (with a fluorescence index (FI) > 1.4, and a biological index (BIX) between 0.8 and 1.0), showing strong humification and recent autochthonous characteristics (with a humification index (HIX) between 3.0 and 6.0). (3) The values of SUVA254, SUVA280,and E4/E6 of fulvic acid in each soil aggregate size showed an increasing trend as the increase of organic manure, increased aromaticity and simplified molecular structure. Correlation analysis shows that the fluorescence components of fulvic acid (fulvic acid\|like, humic acid\|like and protein\|like), aromaticity (SUVA254) and humification degree (HIX, E4/E6) were important factors affecting the stability of soil aggregates. Therefore, the combined application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer increased the intensity of fulvic acid fluorescence components of soil aggregates, improved the aromaticity and the degree of humification of soil aggregates as well as the stability of soil aggregates. |
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