| Effects of cropping patterns on crop yields and interspecific relationships in intercropping systems |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.06.07 |
| Key Words: crop rotation intercropping crop yield interspecific relationship selection effect complementary effect |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | RAN Manxue | Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Dry Farming and Water\|Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | SUN Dongbao | Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Dry Farming and Water\|Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | DING Junjun | Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Dry Farming and Water\|Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the efficient and reasonable planting pattern in the northern dry\|crop area，maize and hairy\|leaved camas were selected as materials for the field experiment, which was conducted in a completely randomized block design, combining rotational cropping and continuous cropping with intercropping and monocropping. Six experimental treatments were set up: maize rotation and monocropping, hairy vetch rotation and monocropping, maize continuous and monocropping, hairy vetch continuous and monocropping, maize/ hairy vetch rotation and intercropping (maize rotational intercropping, hairy vetch rotational intercropping), and maize/hairy vetch continuous and intercropping (maize continuous and intercropping, hairy vetch rotational and intercropping). The response of crop yields to changes in cropping patterns, and the effects of crop rotation and succession on interspecific relationships and biodiversity effects in intercropping systems was examined. The results showed that crop rotation significantly increased the yield of hairy vetch by 12.66%~21.11%, compared to continuous cropping under the same cropping pattern. Under the same cropping system, intercropping significantly increased maize yield by 21.92%~26.66% and reduced hairy vetch yield by 7.46%~16.43% compared to monocropping. The land equivalent ratios of the intercropping systems in different cropping patterns ranged from 1.04 to 1.09 and there was a yield advantage of intercropping over monocropping. The biased land equivalent ratio of maize was greater than that of maize, and the intensity of crop competition was less than 0. Therefore, interspecific competition was greater than intraspecific competition in the intercropping system, and maize was the dominant crop in the intercropping. Changing the cropping system from continuous cropping to rotational cropping could shift the biodiversity effect driving yield and efficiency gains in maize and hairy vetch intercropping systems from a selection effect to a shift toward a complementary effect by significantly reducing interspecific competition. By analysing the correlation between biodiversity effects and crop yield increases, it was concluded that both complementary effect and net effect were significantly and positively correlated with yield increases in hairy vetch, and that yield advantages in intercropping systems stemmed from yield enhancement of the disadvantaged crops in the system. In summary, implementing the maize/hairy-leaved camas rotational intercropping system in the dry farming regions of Jinzhong, Shanxi Province enhanced land productivity by changing the competitive dynamics between crop species, demonstrating significant value for local agricultural practices. |
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