| Effects of nitrogen fertilizer types on apple tree growth, fruit yield and quality under drip fertigation |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.06.11 |
| Key Words: apple tree nitrogen fertilizer type yield and quality soil nitrate nitrogen residue TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | SUN Jianxi | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHAO Lu | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | YE Ruirui | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | LI Rui | Shenmu Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Shenmu, Shaanxi 719399, China | | LIU Jie | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | HU Tiantian | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| The Loess Plateau is a key apple\|producing region in China, where improper irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer management can cause issues like unstable apple yields, reduced fruit quality, and soil degradation. In this study, three different types of nitrogen fertilizers, urea (U), urea ammonium nitrate liquid fertilizer (UAN), and urea + calcium ammonium nitrate (UCAN), were used in a two\|year drip fertigation trial with densely planted dwarf apple trees as the research object to investigate the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer types on the apple growth, yield, quality and soil nitrate nitrogen residue. The results showed that the new shoot growth and leaf area index of UCAN and U treatments under drip fertigation were generally higher than those of UAN treatment.Compared with the U treatment, the apple yield of UCAN treatment increased by 12.64% and 37.92% in 2021 and 2022, respectively, and the apple yield of UAN treatment increased by 22.44% in 2022. Compared with U treatment, UCAN treatment significantly increased the soluble solids, titratable acid content, and nitrate content of apple fruit, while reducing flesh hardness and sugar acid ratio. However, UAN treatment could increase the soluble sugar content and sugar acid ratio of fruits and reduce the VC content and fruit flesh hardness. Nitrogen fertilizer types had no significant effect on single fruit weight and fruit shape index. Except for the 0~80 cm soil layer in 2021, the effect of nitrogen fertilizer types on soil nitrate nitrogen residue was not significant. The comprehensive evaluation of TOPSIS, based on apple yield, quality, and environmental benefits, showed that the UCAN treatment had the highest overall benefit, followed by the UAN treatment, and finally the U treatment. This provides a theoretical basis and data support for nitrogen fertilizer management in apple orchards. |
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