| Response of soil moisture spatiotemporal variations and utilization efficiency to planting density in cotton fields in arid regions |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.01.18 |
| Key Words: cotton planting density soil moisture spatial and temporal variation water use efficiency yield |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | DONG Zhenlin | College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China | | LI Yabing | Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China | | MA Yunzhen | Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China | | WAN Sumei | College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China | | DONG Hongqiang | College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China | | YANG Beifang | Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China | | FENG Lu | Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China | | GAO Fei | Xinjiang Yuxiang Huyang Chemical Co., Ltd, Shaya, Xinjiang 842200, China | | ZHOU Jishuang | Xinjiang Yuxiang Huyang Chemical Co., Ltd, Shaya, Xinjiang 842200, China | | WANG Cheng | Xinjiang Yuxiang Huyang Chemical Co., Ltd, Shaya, Xinjiang 842200, China | | ZHAO Zhan | Xinjiang Yuxiang Huyang Chemical Co., Ltd, Shaya, Xinjiang 842200, China | | YAN Fei | Xinjiang Yuxiang Huyang Chemical Co., Ltd, Shaya, Xinjiang 842200, China | | CHEN Guodong | College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China | | XIONG Shiwu | Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the effects of different planting densities on the spatial and temporal characteristics of soil moisture and water utilization efficiency in cotton fields under film\|covered drip irrigation conditions, ‘Zhongmian 113’ was used as the experimental material. Six planting density treatments (0.9×105, 1.2×105, 1.5×105, 1.8×105, 2.1×105 plant·hm-2, and 2.4×105 plant·hm-2) were established based on a one\|film and six\|row spacing configuration. A spatial grid method was employed to arrange soil three\|parameter sensors, and a cloud platform was used to collect soil moisture data from the cotton fields. The spatial and temporal variations in soil moisture and yield differences under different planting densities were then analyzed. The results showed that the soil moisture content in all treatments increased as the reproductive period progressed. The most stable change in soil moisture content was observed at a planting density of 2.1×105 plants·hm-2, where it remained within the range of 0.18 to 0.20 m3·m-3. Throughout the reproductive period, changes in soil moisture were most pronounced in the vertical direction within the 10~70 cm depth. Around 45 and 75 days after seedling, the water consumption of the cotton plant population in each treatment peaked, then gradually decreased in the later stages of fertility. Water consumption by the cotton plants increased with higher planting density, and the soil water consumption during each fertility period was as follows: flowering bell stage>bud stage>seedling stage>flocculation stage. Seed cotton yield and water use efficiency was both increased and then decreased with the increase of planting density, and when the planting density was 2.1×105 plants·hm-2 (D4 treatment), the cotton exhibited the highest yield and water use efficiency. Yield was enhanced by 4.38%~14.09% and 5.16%~12.75%, respectively, compared to the other treatments, while water use efficiency increased by 1.32%~9.60% and 1.63%~10.08% compared to the other treatments. Therefore, a planting density of 2.1 × 105 plants·hm-2 with a one\|film and six\|row spacing configuration is recommended as an optimal planting density for cotton in the dry zone, balancing high yield and water conservation. |
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