| Effects of water and nitrogen interaction on root morphology and soil enzyme activity in drip\|irrigated spring wheat in the Yanqi Basin |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.02.12 |
| Key Words: drip irrigation spring wheat root morphology soil enzyme activity yield nitrogen use efficiency Yanqi Basin |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Zijian | College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture Corps, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China | | WANG Hepeng | Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Zhenlai County, Zhenlai, Jilin 137300, China | | WANG Jiangli | College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture Corps, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China | | XV Hongjun | Crop Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China | | LIU Shuo | College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture Corps, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China | | YAO Xiaomei | College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture Corps, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the optimal water and nitrogen supply mode for high\|yield wheat fields in the Yanqi Basin, a split\|zone design was implemented. The wheat varieties ‘Xinchun 38’ (XC38) and ‘Xinchun 45’ (XC45) were used as experimental materials. The main plots consisted of two water levels: W1 (4 500 m3·hm-2) and W2 (6 000 m3·hm-2), while the subplots included three nitrogen levels: N0 (0 kg·hm-2), N1 (300 kg·hm-2), and N2 (400 kg·hm-2). A total of 6 treatments (W1N0, W1N1, W1N2, W2N0, W2N1, W2N2) were used to study the effects of nitrogen fertilization rate on root morphology and soil enzyme activities of drip irrigation spring wheat under suitable irrigation and deficit irrigation conditions. The results showed that the highest soil enzyme activity of ‘Xinchun 38’ and ‘Xinchun 45’ was W2N1 treatment, and the soil enzyme activity increased first and then decreased with the advancement of growth stage, reaching the peak at flowering stage, and the soil urease and protease activity were 2.62 mg·g-1·d-1 and 0.56 mg·g-1·d-1, respectively, which increased by 1.1%~77.5% and 4.6%~134.6% compared with other treatments. The average root diameter, root volume density and root surface area density of W2N1 treatment were significantly positively correlated with soil urease and protease activity. The average root diameter and root volume density of the two varieties in the 0~60 cm soil layer at the flowering stage were the largest in W2N1 treatment, which increased by 10.3%~52.2% and 6.7%~52.1%, respectively, compared with other treatments. The highest root length density of the two varieties was W1N1 treatment, which increased by 3.1%~54.0% compared with other treatments. The largest root surface area densities of ‘Xinchun 38’ and ‘Xinchun 45’ were W2N1 and W1N1 treatments, respectively, which were 4.2%~19.6% and 7.5%~37.7% higher than those of other treatments, respectively. Compared to other treatments, the actual yield of W2N1 increased by 20.1%~117.5%, while the partial productivity and agronomic use efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer improved by 35.7%~268.3% and 25.5%~166.4%, respectively. In conclusion, an irrigation rate of 6 000 m3·hm-2 combined with a nitrogen application rate of 300 kg·hm-2 enhanced soil enzyme activity in the Yanqi Basin, facilitating root growth in spring wheat and promoting yield formation. |
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