| Effects of different cereal\|legume intercropping systems on crop yield, water usage, and nitrogen utilization |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.03.21 |
| Key Words: maize broomcorn soybean intercropping yield water and nitrogen utilization species competition |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | FU Haochuan | College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | LI Cheng | School of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056038, China | | LI Henan | College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHANG Haolei | College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | WEN Jiaxuan | College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | FANG Yanxin | College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | LI Xiang | College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | LI Jinchao | College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | DONG Qinge | College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | FENG Hao | College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| The experiment was conducted from April to October 2023. Five treatments were established: maize and soybean intercropping (MS), broomcorn and soybean intercropping (BS), sole cropping maize (M), sole cropping broomcorn (B), and sole cropping soybean (S). The yield, plant nitrogen accumulation and soil water content of corn, broomcorn and soybean were measured. The changes of crop yield, land productivity, water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were analyzed, and the inter\|specific competition and promotion effects of different intercropping modes of grass beans were explored. The results showed that: (1) The grain yield of intercropping maize (MS) was significantly decreased by 21.53% compared with that of mono\|cropping maize (M), and the grain yield of intercropping broomcorn (BS) was decreased by 7.17% compared with that of mono\|cropping broomcorn (B). Compared with mono\|cropped soybean (S), the grain yield of soybean treated with MS and BS was significantly reduced by 53.65% and 57.39%, respectively, and BS treatment was more advantageous in yield. (2) The land equivalent ratio (LER) and water equivalent ratio (WER) of BS treatment were 9.42% and 7.75% higher than that of MS, respectively. BS had more advantages in land and water use. The nutrient benefit of the intercropping system primarily lies in the increased nitrogen accumulation. In the maize and soybean intercropping system, nitrogen accumulation was 15.41% higher than that of mono\|cropped maize and 14.32% higher than that of mono\|cropped broomcorn. Regarding nitrogen absorption efficiency, grain nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen harvest index, and nitrogen partial productivity, the values for intercropped maize were 2.31% to 21.52% lower compared to mono\|cropped maize, while the values for intercropped broomcorn were 3.00% to 7.19% lower compared to mono\|cropped broomcorn. The nitrogen utilization of the broomcorn and soybean intercropping system proved to be more advantageous. (3) The interspecific competitiveness of broomcorn relative to soybean in BS treatment (Ap=0.62) was smaller than that of corn relative to soybean in MS treatment (Ap=1.27). The relative crowding coefficient of BS treatment (Kp=1.30) was smaller than that of MS treatment (Kp=1.77). BS handled interspecific competition relatively harmoniously. In conclusion, both intercropping systems can enhance land productivity and nitrogen accumulation to varying extents. The broomcorn\|soybean intercropping system offers higher land productivity, better water use efficiency, and relatively harmonious interspecies competition, making it more suitable for promotion in northern Shaanxi. |
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