| Effects of irrigation amount on soil temperature, humidity, and enzyme activity in protected citrus orchards |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.04.17 |
| Key Words: citrus irrigation amount soil moisture soil temperature soil enzymes yield |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHU Shijiang | Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education of the Ministry of Education of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
Water Conservancy and Environmental Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China | | ZHU Zirong | Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education of the Ministry of Education of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
Water Conservancy and Environmental Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China | | ZHANG Youxian | Guizhou Water Conservancy Research Institute, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, China | | FENG Yating | Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education of the Ministry of Education of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
Water Conservancy and Environmental Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China | | ZHONG Yun | Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education of the Ministry of Education of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
Water Conservancy and Environmental Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China | | HAO Kun | Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education of the Ministry of Education of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
Water Conservancy and Environmental Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China | | LIAO Longyan | Yiling District Meteorological Service, Yichang, Hubei 443000, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the effects of irrigation amount on rhizosphere soil temperature, moisture, and soil enzyme activities in citrus, ‘Ehime 28’ was selected as the test object, with conventional irrigation as the control (CK, T1). During the fruit expansion period (Phase III) and color\|changing and sugar\|increasing period (Phase IV), irrigation quotas of 4 L·d-1·plant-1 and 2.5 L·d-1·plant-1 were set, respectively. Four water deficit levels (70%CK, 55%CK, 40%CK, and 30%CK) were established for Phase III (T2~T5) and Phase IV (T6~T9), totaling nine treatments. The study analyzed the variation patterns and interrelationships of soil temperature, moisture, and enzyme activities with irrigation amount in protected citrus orchards. The results showed that in both Phase III and IV, soil accumulated temperature in each soil layer increased with decreasing irrigation amount. The soil accumulated temperature of T4 (Phase III) and T7 (Phase IV) treatments increased the most compared to T1, with growth rates of 12.15% and 34.44%, respectively. With increasing soil depth, soil accumulated temperature decreased in Phase III but showed the opposite trend in Phase IV. Soil accumulated moisture generally decreased with reduced irrigation in both Ⅲ and Ⅳ phases. The largest decreases compared to T1 occurred in T5 (Phase III) and T9 (Phase IV), with reduction rates of 49.08% and 26.86%, respectively. Moderate reduction in irrigation amount significantly enhanced soil enzyme activities, particularly urease (UE) and sucrase (SC). UE and SC activities in T4 (Phase III) and T6 (Phase IV) remained the highest, compared to T1, UE activity was significantly increasing by 19.49% and 23.20%, respectively, SC activity was significatly increasing by 42.38% and 8.10%, respectively. Correlation analysis indicated positive correlations between soil temperature and UE, acid phosphatase (ACP), and SC activities, with SC activity being most influenced by soil moisture. Principal component analysis of citrus yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and economic benefit indicators showed that T3 had the best comprehensive benefits, followed by T6. These two modes are recommended as irrigation schemes to improve soil quality and citrus benefits in protected orchards in Guizhou. |
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