| Effects of organic\|inorganic fertilizer combination on yield and water use efficiency of spring wheat in dryland of the Loess Plateau |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.05.10 |
| Key Words: spring wheat organic\|inorganic fertilizer combination application water use efficiency yield Loess Plateau |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHANG Ke | Key Laboratory of Arid Habitat Crop Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
College of Resources and Environment, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | CHEN Xiaoli | Key Laboratory of Arid Habitat Crop Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Farming and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China | | WEI Wenlong | Key Laboratory of Arid Habitat Crop Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | LI Shiqing | Key Laboratory of Arid Habitat Crop Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
College of Resources and Environment, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | LUO Zhuzhu | Key Laboratory of Arid Habitat Crop Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
College of Resources and Environment, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | WANG Linlin | Key Laboratory of Arid Habitat Crop Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China |
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| Abstract: |
| A two\|year field experiment (2023-2024) was conducted in the arid farming region of central Gansu Province (Loess Plateau) to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of combined nitrogen\|phosphorus (NP) fertilization and combined organic\|inorganic fertilization on water use efficiency (WUEg) and yield of spring wheat. Eight treatments were implemented: unfertilized control (CK), sole chemical fertilizers (P, N, and NP), sole organic fertilizer (M), and combined organic\|inorganic fertilizers (MP, MN, and MNP). Key parameters,including wheat transpiration consumption (Tc), evapotranspiration (ETc), grain filling rate, grain yield, and WUEg, were evaluated. The results showed that, compared to chemical fertilizer treatments (P, NP), the combined organic\|inorganic treatments (MP, MNP) significantly increased Tcduring the seedling stage by 47.3% and 56.7%, respectively. Comparedto P and N treatments, MP and MN significantly enhanced Tcduring the flowering stage by 116.2%~122.6%, concurrently increasing the proportion of water consumption at the flowering stage (Tc/ETc) by 22.2%~25.2%. Compared to CK, chemical NP fertilizer treatments increased grain yield and WUEg by 28.6%~80.2% and 30.4%~100%, respectively, with NP treatment achieving the highest values. Combined organic\|inorganic fertilization further increased grain yield and WUEg by 15.4%~32.3% and 6.5%~37.5%, respectively, compared to sole chemical fertilizer treatments, with MNP exhibiting the greatest improvement. Random Forest analysis revealed that the yield and WUEg enhancement under combined fertilization primarily resulted from a significant increase (67.7%~166.7%) in stage\|specific water use efficiency during the grain\|filling period; elevated post\|anthesis dry matter accumulation (61.3%~89.8%) and its contribution to grain yield (23.2%~37.2%); an increased number of inferior grains (20.5%~43.8%); and improved grain filling rate (7.4%~58.3%) and yield (4.6%~80.5%) of inferior grains. In conclusion, combined organic\|inorganic fertilization, particularly the MNP treatment, enhances grain yield and WUEg in dryland spring wheat by promoting “soil water\|crop water” conversion, increasing dry matter accumulation, and improving the filling and yield of inferior grains. Therefore, the MNP fertilization strategy is recommended for optimizing both yield and water productivity in the arid farming regions of the central Loess Plateau. |
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