| Efficiency assessment of maize\|based diversified cropping systems, including intercropping, relay cropping, and multiple cropping in Northwest China arid regions |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.05.13 |
| Key Words: maize diversified cropping stability of maize yield interspecific competition land use Northwest China arid regions |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | SHI Duopeng | Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Water\|saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | ZHANG Liqin | Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Water\|saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | CUI Yunling | Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Water\|saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | SUN Hezhe | Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Water\|saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China |
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| Abstract: |
| A field experiment was conducted in 2024 at Jingtan Village, Beitan Town, Jingyuan County, Baiyin City, Gansu Province, to evaluate the impact of diversified cropping systems on maize production efficiency and land utilization. Four treatments were established: T1 (maize monoculture), T2 (maize\|soybean intercropping), T3 (maize\|pea relay cropping then multiple cropping baby Chinese cabbage), and T4 (maize\|wheat relay cropping then multiple cropping green manure). The results showed that diversified systems (T2~T4) exhibited land equivalent ratio (LER) exceeding 1. Compared with monoculture (T1), maize net area yield significantly increased by 49.09% to 79.98%, with T3 achieving the highest yield (33 751.74 kg·hm-2). Treatment T2 exhibited optimal maize plant height and leaf area across all growth stages and recorded the highest water use efficiency (WUE, 46.24 kg·hm-2·mm-1), representing a 64.15% improvement over T1. Cumulative relative efficiency (CRE) and competitiveness (CI) of maize showed a significant positive correlation with final yield. Systems T2 and T3 demonstrated higher cumulative relative efficiency during early growth stages, establishing the foundation for subsequent high yield. Treatment T4 displayed superior maize yield stability and sustainability, with sustainable yield index (SYI) and stability of maize yield (SY) values of 0.46 and 0.45, respectively. In conclusion, diversified cropping systems significantly enhance land use efficiency and maize yield. The maize\|wheat relay cropping then multiple cropping green manure system (T4) demonstrated optimal integrated performance, representing a suitable diversified cropping pattern for Northwest China arid regions. |
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