| Effects of straw deep application at ultra\|high dosages on soil available nitrogen |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.05.17 |
| Key Words: ultra\|high dosage straw deep application winter wheat\|summer maize rotation ammonium nitrogen nitrate nitrogen |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | HU Shengchao | College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | LI Xueyan | College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | HU Yutong | College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHANG Qunyuan | College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | WANG Xudong | College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri\|environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHANG Yulin | College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri\|environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Wheat straw was used in this study as the test material for field experiments to explore the effects of straw returning depths on the contents of available nitrogen and its storage in soil under the condition of ultra\|high dosage. Six treatments were set up in the experiment, ]including CK (no straw applied), J1-40 (24 000 kg·hm-2 returned to the soil in 40 cm), J2-20 (123 000 kg·hm-2 returned to the soil in 20 cm), J2-40 (123 000 kg·hm-2 returned to the soil in 40 cm), J2-60 (123 000 kg·hm-2 returned to the soil in 60 cm), and J3-40 (308 000 kg·hm-2 returned to the soil in 40 cm). The result showed that straw deep application at ultra\|high dosages could significantly increase the concentration and storage of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the surface soil (0~10 cm). In the 0~10 cm soil layer of wheat’s season, the J3-40 treatment increased the concentration and storage of ammonium nitrogen by 6.91%~43.78% and 18.68%~44.83% compared to other treatments, while the J2-40 treatment increased the concentration and storage of nitrate nitrogen by 25.63% and 25.99% compared to CK. In the 0~10 cm soil layer of maize’s season, the J3-40 treatment increased the concentration and storage of ammonium nitrogen by 4.6%~43.14% and 18.25%~44.16% compared to other treatments, and the J2-40 treatment increased the concentration of nitrate nitrogen by 18.15% and 18.51% compared to the CK treatment. In all treatments, an increasing trend in ammonium nitrogen concentration and storage, and a decreasing trend in nitrate nitrogen concentration were observed near the soil layer where straw was applied. In the 40~50 cm soil layer of the wheat and maize season, the ammonium nitrogen concentration of the J3-40 treatment increased by 47.78% and 44.08%, respectively, and the ammonium nitrogen storage of the J3-40 treatment increased by 43.86% and 39.95%, respectively, compared with the CK treatment. In the 40~50 cm soil layer of wheat’s season, the nitrate nitrogen storage under J2-40 treatment decreased by 14.78%, compared with the CK treatment. The concentration and storage of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in deep soil remained stable after one year of straw application. There was no obvious phenomenon of nitrogen competition within 30 cm soil layer after deep application of straw. In summary, it is best to deeply bury the straw into the 40 cm soil layer according to the soil’s available nitrogen concentration and storage in the short term. |
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